Dẫn 8.96 lít khí CO2 (đktc) vào dd chứa 18.5g Ca(OH)2. Tính khối
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a, PT: \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_{3\downarrow}+H_2O\)
______0,2_____0,2_________0,2 (mol)
b, \(C_{M_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4M\)
c, \(m_{CaCO_3}=0,2.100=20\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a.n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03mol\\ CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)
\(n_{CO_2}=n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,03mol\\ m_{CaCO_3}=0,03.100=3g\\ b.V_{ddCa\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,03}{1,5}=0,02l\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 23 :
n BaCO3 = 0,1(mol) > n Ba(OH)2 = 0,15 mol
- TH1 : Ba(OH)2 dư
$Ba(OH)_2 + CO_2 \to BaCO_3 + H_2O$
n CO2 = n BaCO3 = 0,1(mol)
=> V = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 lít
- TH1 : BaCO3 bị hòa tan một phần
$Ba(OH)_2 + CO_2 \to BaCO_3 + H_2O(1)$
$Ba(OH)_2 + 2CO_2 \to Ba(HCO_3)_2(2)$
n CO2(1) = n Ba(OH)2 (1) = n BaCO3 = 0,1(mol)
=> n Ba(OH)2 (2) = 0,15 - 0,1 = 0,05(mol)
=> n CO2 (2) = 2n Ba(OH)2 (2) = 0,1(mol)
=> V = (0,1 + 0,1).22,4 = 4,48 lít
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
nCO2=0,03(mol)
nCa(OH)2=0,02(mol)
Ta có: 1< nCO2/ nCa(OH)2= 0,03/0,02=1,5<2
Đặt nCO2(1)=a(mol); nCO2(2)=b(mol)
PTHH: Ca(OH)2 + CO2 -> CaCO3 + H2O (1)
a__________a____________a(mol)
Ca(OH)2 + 2 CO2 -> Ca(HCO3)2
0,5b_______b______0,5b(mol)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,03\\a+0,5b=0,02\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,01\\b=0,01\end{matrix}\right.\)
nNaOH=0,01(mol)
PTHH: 2 NaOH + Ca(HCO3)2 -> CaCO3 + Na2CO3 + 2 H2O (3)
Ta có: 0,01/2 < 0,01/1
=> NaOH hết, Ca(HCO3)2 dư, tính theo nNaOH
=> nCaCO3(tổng)= nCaCO3(1) + nCaCO3(3)= 0,01 + 0,01/2 = 0,015(mol)
=> mCaCO3=0,015 x 100= 1,5(g)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{CO_2}=5.10^{-4}\left(mol\right);n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=3.10^{-4}\Rightarrow n_{OH^-}=6.10^{-4}\\ Tacó:\dfrac{n_{OH^-}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{6.10^{-4}}{5.10^{-4}}=1,2\\ \Rightarrow Tạo2muối:CaCO_3,Ca\left(HCO_3\right)_2\\ Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CaCO_3}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ca\left(HCO_3\right)_2}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=5.10^{-4}\\x+2y=6.10^{-4}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4.10^{-4}\\y=10^{-4}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow m_{CaCO_3}=4.10^{-4}.100=0,04\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{8.96}{22.4}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{18.5}{74}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(T=\dfrac{0.4}{0.25}=1.6\)
=> Tạo ra 2 muối
\(n_{CaCO_3}=x\left(mol\right),n_{Ca\left(HCO_3\right)_2}=y\left(mol\right)\)
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2CO_2\rightarrow Ca\left(HCO_3\right)_2\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2y=0.4\\x+y=0.25\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0.1\\y=0.15\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{CaCO_3}=0.1\cdot100=10\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{18,5}{74}=0,25\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Tạo 2 muối
PTHH: \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\)
a_________a________a________a (mol)
\(2CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow Ca\left(HCO_3\right)_2\)
2b_________b____________b (mol)
Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,25\\a+2b=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CaCO_3}=0,1\cdot100=10\left(g\right)\)