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\(\frac{x+1}{1+y^2}=\frac{\left(x+1\right)\left(1+y^2\right)-y^2\left(x+1\right)}{1+y^2}=x+1-\frac{y^2\left(x+1\right)}{1+y^2}\)
TT...
\(\Rightarrow Q=x+y+z+3-\frac{y^2\left(x+1\right)}{1+y^2}-\frac{z^2\left(y+1\right)}{1+z^2}-\frac{x^2\left(1+z\right)}{1+x^2}\)
\(\ge6-\frac{y^2\left(x+1\right)}{2y}-\frac{z^2\left(y+1\right)}{2z}-\frac{x^2\left(z+1\right)}{2x}=6-\frac{xy+yz+xz+x+y+z}{2}\)
\(=6-\frac{3+xy+yz+xz}{2}\ge6-\frac{3+\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}{2}=6-\frac{3+\frac{3^2}{3}}{2}=3\)
Vậy GTNN của Q là 3 khi x = y = z = 1
\(P+3=\frac{xy}{1+x+y}+1+\frac{yz}{1+y+z}+1+\frac{xz}{1+x+z}+1\)
\(\frac{xy}{1+x+y}+1=\frac{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}{1+x+y}\)
\(P+3=\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{\left(z+1\right)\left(x+y+1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(y+1\right)\left(x+z+1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+z+1\right)}\right)\)
\(P+3\ge\left(xyz+xy+xz+yz+1\right)\left(\frac{9}{xy+xz+x+y+z+1+xy+yz+x+y+z+1+xz+yz+x+y+z+1}\right)\)
dòng cuối cùng sai, sửa :
\(P+3\ge\left(xyz+xy+xz+yz+1\right)\left(\frac{9}{xy+xz+x+y+z+1+xy+yz+x+y+z+1+xz+yz+x+y+z+1}\right)\)
\(P+3\ge\left(3xyz+xy+xz+yz\right)\left(\frac{9}{2\left(3xyz+xy+xz+yz\right)}\right)=\frac{9}{2}\)
\(P\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z=\(\frac{1+\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
Áp dụng bđt AM-GM ta được:
\(\frac{x^2}{y+z}+\frac{y+z}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{y+z}.\frac{y+z}{4}}=x\)
\(\frac{y^2}{z+x}+\frac{z+x}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{y^2}{z+x}.\frac{z+x}{4}}=y\)
\(\frac{z^2}{x+y}+\frac{x+y}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{z^2}{x+y}.\frac{x+y}{4}}=z\)
Cộng từng vế các bất đẳng thức trên ta được
\(A+\frac{x+y+z}{2}\ge x+y+z\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\frac{x+y+z}{2}=1\)
Dấu"="xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{2}{3}\)
Cách 2:Dù dài hơn Lê Tài Bảo Châu
\(\frac{x^2}{y+z}+x=\frac{x^2+x\left(y+z\right)}{y+z}=\left(x+y+z\right)\cdot\frac{x}{y+z}\)
\(\frac{y^2}{z+x}+y=\left(x+y+z\right)\cdot\frac{y}{z+x};\frac{z^2}{x+y}+z=\left(x+y+z\right)\cdot\frac{z}{x+y}\)
Suy ra \(\frac{x^2}{y+z}+\frac{y^2}{z+x}+\frac{z^2}{x+y}+\left(x+y+z\right)=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}+\frac{z}{x+y}\right)\)
Đến đây thay x+y+z=2 và BĐT netbitt là ra ( chứng minh netbitt nha )
Cách 3:
\(A=\frac{x^2}{y+z}+\frac{y^2}{z+x}+\frac{z^2}{x+y}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{x+y+z}{2}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại \(a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\)
\(P=\frac{y^2z^2}{x\left(y^2+z^2\right)}+\frac{z^2x^2}{y\left(x^2+z^2\right)}+\frac{x^2y^2}{z\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x\left(\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)}+\frac{1}{y\left(\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)}+\frac{1}{z\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)}\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{x};\frac{1}{y};\frac{1}{z}\right)\rightarrow\left(a;b;c\right)\) thì \(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\) Ta cần chứng minh:
\(P=\frac{a}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{b}{c^2+a^2}+\frac{c}{a^2+b^2}\)
\(=\frac{a}{1-a^2}+\frac{b}{1-b^2}+\frac{c}{1-c^2}\)
\(=\frac{a^2}{a\left(1-a^2\right)}+\frac{b^2}{b\left(1-b^2\right)}+\frac{c^2}{c\left(1-c^2\right)}\)
Theo đánh giá bởi AM - GM ta có:
\(a^2\left(1-a^2\right)^2=\frac{1}{2}\cdot2a^2\cdot\left(1-a^2\right)\left(1-a^2\right)\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{2a^2+1-a^2+1-a^2}{3}\right)^3=\frac{4}{27}\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(1-a^2\right)^2\le\frac{2}{3\sqrt{3}}\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{a\left(1-a\right)^2}\ge\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}a^2\)
Tương tự rồi cộng lại ta có ngay điều phải chứng minh
\(E= {\sum {(yz)^2 \over xy+zx}}\)>=3/2 (AD BĐT Nesbit)
Dấu = xảy ra <=>x=y=z=1
đặt \(a=\frac{1}{x};b=\frac{1}{y};c=\frac{1}{z}\Rightarrow abc=\frac{1}{xyz}=1\)
Ta có : \(x+y=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=\frac{a+b}{ab}=c\left(a+b\right)\)
Tương tự : \(y+z=a\left(b+c\right);x+z=b\left(c+a\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow E=\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\ge\frac{3\sqrt[3]{abc}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow E\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy GTNN của E là \(\frac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
Vì xyz=1\(\Rightarrow x^2\left(y+z\right)\ge2x^2\sqrt{yz}=2x\sqrt{x}\)
Tương tự \(y^2\left(z+x\right)\ge2y\sqrt{y};z^2=\left(x+y\right)\ge2z\sqrt{z}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{2x\sqrt{x}}{y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}}+\frac{2y\sqrt{y}}{z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}}+\frac{2z\sqrt{z}}{x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}}\)
Đặt \(x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}=a;y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}=b;z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}=c\)
\(\Rightarrow x\sqrt{x}=\frac{4c+a-2b}{9};y\sqrt{y}=\frac{4a+b-2c}{9};z\sqrt{z}=\frac{4b+c-2a}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{2}{9}\left(\frac{4c+a-2b}{b}+\frac{4a+b-2c}{a}+\frac{4b+c-2a}{b}\right)\)
\(=\frac{2}{9}\text{ }\left[4\left(\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)-6\right]\ge\frac{2}{9}\left(4.3+2-6\right)=2\)
Min P =2 khi và chỉ khi a=b=c khi va chỉ khi x=y=z=1
