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a, Ta có : \(\text{n + 5 = (n - 1)+6}\)
Vì \(\text{(n-1) ⋮ n-1}\)
Nên để \(\text{n+5 ⋮ n-1}\)⋮ `n-1`
Thì \(\text{6 ⋮ n-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{n - 1 ∈ Ư(6)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{n - 1 ∈}\) \(\left\{\text{±1;±2;±3;±6}\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{n ∈}\) \(\left\{\text{0;-1;-2;-5;2;3;4;7}\right\}\) \(\text{( TM )}\)
\(\text{________________________________________________________}\)
b, Ta có : \(\text{2n-4 = (2n+4)- 8 = 2(n+2) - 8}\)
Vì \(\text{2(n+2) ⋮ n+2}\)
Nên để \(\text{2n-4 ⋮ n+2}\)
Thì \(\text{8 ⋮ n+2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{n + 2 ∈ Ư(8)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{n + 2 ∈}\) \(\left\{\text{±1;±2;±4;±8}\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{n ∈}\) \(\left\{\text{-3;-4;-6;-10;-1;0;2;6}\right\}\) ( TM )
\(\text{_________________________________________________________________ }\)
c, Ta có :\(\text{ 6n + 4 = (6n + 3) +1 = 3(2n+1) + 1}\)
Vì \(\text{3(2n+1) ⋮ 2n+1}\)
Nên để\(\text{ 6n+4 ⋮ 2n+1}\)
Thì \(\text{1 ⋮ 2n+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{2n + 1 ∈ Ư(1)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{2n + 1 ∈}\) \(\left\{\text{±1}\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{2n ∈}\) \(\left\{\text{-2;0}\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{n ∈}\) \(\left\{\text{-1;0}\right\}\) ( TM )
\(\text{_______________________________________}\)
Ta có : \(\text{3 - 2n = -( 2n - 3 ) = -( 2n + 2 ) + 5 = -2( n+1)+5}\)
Vì \(\text{-2(n+1) ⋮ n+1}\)
Nên để \(\text{3-2n ⋮ n+1}\)
Thì\(\text{ 5 ⋮ n + 1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{n + 1 ∈}\) \(\left\{\text{±1;±5}\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{n ∈}\) \(\text{-2;-6;0;4}\) ( TM )
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1/
$10n+4\vdots 2n+7$
$\Rightarrow 5(2n+7)-31\vdots 2n+7$
$\Rightarrow 31\vdots 2n+7$
$\Rightarrow 2n+7\in Ư(31)$
$\Rightarrow 2n+7\in \left\{1; -1; 31; -31\right\}$
$\Rightarrow n\in \left\{-3; -4; 12; -19\right\}$
2/
$5n-4\vdots 3n+1$
$\Rightarrow 3(5n-4)\vdots 3n+1$
$\Rightarroq 15n-12\vdots 3n+1$
$\Rightarrow 5(3n+1)-17\vdots 3n+1$
$\Rightarrow 17\vdots 3n+1$
$\Rightarrow 3n+1\in Ư(17)$
$\Rightarrow 3n+1\in \left\{1; -1; 17; -17\right\}$
$\Rightarrow n\in \left\{0; \frac{-2}{3}; \frac{16}{3}; -6\right\}$
Do $n$ nguyên nên $n\in\left\{0; -6\right\}$
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, n + 8 chia hết cho n + 1
=> n + 1 + 7 chia hết cho n + 1
=> 7 chia hết cho n + 1
=> n + 1 \(\in\)Ư ( 7 )
Mà Ư(7) = { 1 ; 7 }
+> n + 1 = 1 => n = 0
+> n + 1 = 7 => n = 6
b,
2n + 11 chia hết cho n - 3
=> 2n - 6 + 17 chia hết cho n - 3
=> 17 chia hết cho n - 3
=> n - 3 \(\in\)Ư ( 17 )
Mà Ư(17) = { 1 ; 17 }
+> n - 3 = 1 => n = 4
+> n - 3 = 17 => n = 20
c,
4n - 3 chia hết cho 2n + 1
=> 4n + 2 - 5 chia hết cho 2n + 1
=> 5 chia hết cho 2n + 1
=> 2n + 1 \(\in\)Ư ( 5 )
Mà Ư(5) = { 1 ; 5 }
+> 2n + 1 = 1 => n = 0
+> 2n + 1 = 5 => n = 2
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a)2n-1 chia hết cho n-2
2n-4+3 chia hết cho n-2
2(n-2)+3 chia hết cho n-2
3 chia hết cho n-2 hay n-2 EƯ(3)={1;3;-1;-3}
=>nE{3;5;1;-1}
b)n2-n+2 chia hết cho n-1
n(n-1)+2 chia hết cho n-1
=>2 chia hết cho n-1 hay n-1EƯ(2)={1;2;-1;-2}
=>nE{2;3;0;-1}
C)tương tự
Ta có:
\(n^2+1\vdots 2n+1\\\Rightarrow 2n^2+2\vdots2n+1\\\Rightarrow 2n^2+2-n(2n+1)\vdots2n+1\\\Rightarrow 2-n\vdots2n+1\\\Rightarrow 4-2n\vdots2n+1\\\Rightarrow 4-2n+(2n+1)\vdots2n+1\\\Rightarrow5\vdots 2n+1\\\Rightarrow 2n+1\in Ư(5)\\\Rightarrow 2n+1\in \{1;5;-1;-5\}\\\Rightarrow 2n\in \{0;4;-2;-6\}\\\Rightarrow n\in\{0;2;-1;-3\}\)
Vậy: ...
n2 + 1 chia hết cho 2n + 1
→ 4n2 + 4 chia hết cho 2n + 1
→ 4n2 - 1 + 5 chia hết cho 2n + 1
→ 5 chia hết cho 2n + 1
→ 2n + 1 thuộc Ư(5) = {1;5;-1;-5}
→ 2n thuộc {0;4;-2;-6}
→ n thuộc {0;2;-1;-3}
Thay lần lượt n thuộc {0;2;-1;-3} vào để kiểm tra n2 + 1 chia hết cho 2n + 1, ta thấy n thuộc {0;2;-1;-3} đều thỏa mãn
Vậy n thuộc {0;2;-1;-3}.