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Lời giải:
\(\frac{ab}{a+b}=\frac{bc}{b+c}=\frac{ca}{c+a}\Rightarrow \frac{abc}{c(a+b)}=\frac{abc}{a(b+c)}=\frac{bca}{b(c+a)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow c(a+b)=a(b+c)=b(c+a)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac+bc=ab+ac=bc+ab\Leftrightarrow ab=bc=ac\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c\) (do $a,b,c>0$)
$\Rightarrow M=\frac{a^2+a^2+a^2}{a^2+a^2+a^2}=1$
Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}=\dfrac{2}{b+c}=\dfrac{3}{c+a}=\dfrac{1+2+3}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{6}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{3}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+3b=a+b+c\\3b+3c=2a+2b+2c\\3a+3c=3a+3b+3c\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}c=2a\\b=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Q=\dfrac{a+2021b+c}{a+2022b+c}=\dfrac{a+2a}{a+2a}=1\)
Áp dụng t/c dtsbn ta có:
\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{c+a-b}{b}=\dfrac{a+b-c+b+c-a+c+a-b}{c+a+b}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)
\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=1\Rightarrow a+b-c=c\Rightarrow a+b=2c\\ \dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=1\Rightarrow b+c-a=a\Rightarrow b+c=2a\\ \dfrac{c+a-b}{b}=1\Rightarrow c+a-b=b\Rightarrow c+a=2b\)
\(\left(1+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{b}\right)\\ =\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}{abc}\\ =\dfrac{2c.2b.2a}{abc}\\ =\dfrac{8abc}{abc}\\ =8\)
Lời giải:
$a^2-2ab-3b^2\geq 0$
$\Leftrightarrow (a^2+ab)-(3ab+3b^2)\geq 0$
$\Leftrightarrow a(a+b)-3b(a+b)\geq 0$
$\Leftrightarrow (a+b)(a-3b)\geq 0$
$\Leftrightarrow a-3b\geq 0$ (do $a+b>0$ với mọi $a,b>0$)
$\Leftrightarrow a\geq 3b$
Xét hiệu:
$P-\frac{37}{3}=\frac{4a^2+b^2}{ab}-\frac{37}{3}$
$=\frac{12a^2+3b^2-37ab}{3ab}=\frac{(a-3b)(12a-b)}{3ab}\geq 0$ do $a\geq 3b>0$
$\Rightarrow P\geq \frac{37}{3}$
Vậy $P_{\min}=\frac{37}{3}$
\(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow ad< bc\\ \Rightarrow ad+ab< bc+ab\\ \Rightarrow a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\)