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Ta xét : \(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+....+\frac{1}{19}-\frac{1}{20}=\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{19}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{20}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{20}\right)-2\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}+....+\frac{1}{20}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{20}\right)-\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{10}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{11}+\frac{1}{12}+\frac{1}{13}+....+\frac{1}{20}\)
Vì \(\frac{1}{11}+\frac{1}{12}+\frac{1}{13}+....+\frac{1}{20}=\frac{1}{11}+\frac{1}{12}+\frac{1}{13}+...+\frac{1}{20}\)
nên \(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{19}-\frac{1}{20}=\frac{1}{11}+\frac{1}{12}+\frac{1}{13}+....+\frac{1}{20}\) ( đpcm )
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Đặt \(A=\frac{10}{11!}+\frac{11}{12!}+\frac{12}{13!}+...+\frac{2014}{2015!}\)
\(=\frac{11-1}{11!}+\frac{12-1}{12!}+\frac{13-1}{13!}+...+\frac{2015-1}{2015!}\)
\(=\frac{11}{11!}-\frac{1}{11!}+\frac{12}{12!}-\frac{1}{12!}+\frac{13}{13!}-\frac{1}{13!}+...+\frac{2015}{2015!}-\frac{1}{2015!}\)
\(=\frac{11}{10!.11}-\frac{1}{11!}+\frac{12}{11!.12}-\frac{1}{12!}+\frac{13}{12!.13}-\frac{1}{13!}+...+\frac{2015}{2014!.2015}-\frac{1}{2015!}\)
\(=\frac{1}{10!}-\frac{1}{11!}+\frac{1}{11!}-\frac{1}{12!}+\frac{1}{12!}-\frac{1}{13!}+...+\frac{1}{2014!}-\frac{1}{2015!}\)
\(=\frac{1}{10!}-\frac{1}{2015!}< \frac{1}{10!}\)
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Đặt vế trái của Bất đẳng thức la A
\(A< \frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{10}+\frac{1}{10}+\frac{1}{10}+\frac{1}{40}+\frac{1}{40}+\frac{1}{40}.\)
\(A< \frac{1}{8}+\frac{3}{10}+\frac{3}{40}=\frac{3}{10}< \frac{5}{10}=\frac{1}{2}\)
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b
\(A=\frac{1}{11}+\frac{1}{12}+\frac{1}{13}+..+\frac{1}{70}\)
Ta thấy:
\(\frac{1}{11}+\frac{1}{12}+...+\frac{1}{20}>\frac{1}{20}+\frac{1}{20}+...+\frac{1}{20}\)( có 10 phân số \(\frac{1}{20}\)) = \(\frac{1}{20}\).10 = \(\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+...+\frac{1}{30}>\frac{1}{30}+\frac{1}{30}+...+\frac{1}{30}\)(có 10 phân số \(\frac{1}{30}\)) = \(\frac{1}{30}\).10 = \(\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\frac{1}{31}+\frac{1}{32}+...+\frac{1}{40}>\frac{1}{40}+\frac{1}{40}+...+\frac{1}{40}\)( có 10 phân số \(\frac{1}{40}\)) = \(\frac{1}{40}\).10 = \(\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\frac{1}{41}+\frac{1}{42}+...+\frac{1}{50}>\frac{1}{50}+\frac{1}{50}+...+\frac{1}{50}\)( có 10 phân số \(\frac{1}{50}\)) =\(\frac{1}{50}.10=\frac{1}{5}\)
\(\frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{52}+...+\frac{1}{60}>\frac{1}{60}+\frac{1}{60}+...+\frac{1}{60}\)( có 10 phân số \(\frac{1}{60}\)) =\(\frac{1}{60}.10=\frac{1}{6}\)
\(\frac{1}{61}+\frac{1}{62}+...+\frac{1}{70}>\frac{1}{70}+\frac{1}{70}+...+\frac{1}{70}\)( có 10 phân số \(\frac{1}{70}\)) \(=\frac{1}{70}.10=\frac{1}{7}\)
=> A> \(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{7}=\frac{223}{140}=\frac{699}{420}>\frac{560}{420}=\frac{4}{3}\)
=> A > \(\frac{4}{3}\)