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\(\forall k\ge0\)ta có :
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}+\sqrt{k+1}}=\frac{\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}}{\left(\sqrt{k}+\sqrt{k+1}\right)\left(\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}}{k+1-k}=\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\)
Bạn áp dụng công thức này vào dãy trên ta sẽ có các số hạng triệt tiêu đi nhau và ra kết quả
Câu b dễ hơn nên em xí trước. Nhưng em không chắc đâu:v
b) Xét số hạng tổng quát \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x+1}}=\frac{\sqrt{x+1}-\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x+1}\right)\left(\sqrt{x+1}-\sqrt{x}\right)}=\sqrt{x+1}-\sqrt{x}\) với x >= 0
Áp dụng vào,ta có:
\(A=\frac{1}{1+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2019}+\sqrt{2020}}\)
\(=\sqrt{2}-1+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+...+\sqrt{2020}-\sqrt{2019}\)
\(=\sqrt{2020}-1\)
a) \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2+\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}}+\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2-\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3+\sqrt{3}}+\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3-\sqrt{3}}=\frac{3\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{6}+3\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{6}}{9-3}=\frac{6\sqrt{2}}{6}=\sqrt{2}\)
a)
\(P=a\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)^2}}+\frac{a}{b}=a\sqrt{\frac{a^2\left(a+1\right)^2+\left(a+1\right)^2+a^2}{a^2\left(a+1\right)^2}}+\frac{a}{a+1}\)
=\(a\sqrt{\frac{a^2\left(a+1\right)^2+2a\left(a+1\right)+1}{a^2\left(a+1\right)^2}}+\frac{a}{a+1}=a\sqrt{\frac{\left[a\left(a+1\right)+1\right]^2}{\left[a\left(a+1\right)\right]^2}}+\frac{a}{a+1}\)
\(=a.\frac{a\left(a+1\right)+1}{a\left(a+1\right)}+\frac{a}{a+1}=a+\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{a}{a+1}=a+1\)
Vay P=a+1
phan b,c ap dung phan a la ra
CM bài toán phụ: \(x+y+z=0\)
CM: \(I=\sqrt{\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}}=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\) với x,y,z dương
Ta có: \(I=\sqrt{\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}}=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2-2\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2-2\cdot\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}}=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)
Áp dụng vào ta được: \(Q=1+1-\frac{1}{2}+1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+1+\frac{1}{2020}-\frac{1}{2021}\)
\(Q=2021-\frac{1}{2021}=...\)
a. ĐK \(x\ge0\)và \(x\ne1\)
A =\(\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}+\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}+\frac{\sqrt{x}}{1-\sqrt{x}}\right):\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}+\frac{1-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2+\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)-\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}:\frac{\cdot\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(1-\sqrt{x}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x+2\sqrt{x}+1+x-\sqrt{x}-x-\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}.\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{x+2\sqrt{x}+1+\sqrt{x}-x-1+\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\frac{x+1}{4\sqrt{x}}\)
b. Thay \(x=\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{2}\Rightarrow A=\frac{\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{2}+1}{4\sqrt{\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{2}}}=\frac{4-\sqrt{3}}{4\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}=\frac{4-\sqrt{3}}{4-4\sqrt{3}}=-\frac{1+3\sqrt{3}}{8}\)
c . Ta có \(A-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{x+1}{4\sqrt{x}}-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{x-2\sqrt{x}+1}{4\sqrt{x}}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{4\sqrt{x}}>0\)với \(\forall x>0\)và \(x\ne1\)
Vậy A >1/2
1) Ta có: \(2020^2=\left(2019+1\right)^2=2019^2+2.2019+1.\)
\(\Rightarrow1+2019^2=2020^2-2.2019\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\sqrt{1+2019^2+\frac{2019^2}{2020^2}}+\frac{2019}{2020}=\sqrt{2020^2-2.2019+\frac{2019^2}{2020^2}}+\frac{2019}{2020}\)
\(=\sqrt{2020^2-2.2020.\frac{2019}{2020}+\left(\frac{2019}{2020}\right)^2}+\frac{2019}{2020}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(2020-\frac{2019}{2020}\right)^2}+\frac{2019}{2020}=2020-\frac{2019}{2020}+\frac{2019}{2020}\)
\(=2020\)
Vậy M=2020.
2) Xét : \(k\in N;k\ge2\)ta có:
\(\left(1+\frac{1}{k-1}-\frac{1}{k}\right)^2=1+\frac{1}{\left(k-1\right)^2}+\frac{1}{k^2}+\frac{2}{k-1}-\frac{2}{\left(k-1\right)k}-\frac{2}{k}\)
\(=1+\frac{1}{\left(k-1\right)^2}+\frac{1}{k^2}+\frac{2}{k-1}-\frac{2}{k-1}+\frac{2}{k}-\frac{2}{k}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(1+\frac{1}{k-1}-\frac{1}{k}\right)^2=1+\frac{1}{\left(k-1\right)^2}+\frac{1}{k^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{\left(k-1\right)^2}+\frac{1}{k^2}}=1+\frac{1}{k-1}+\frac{1}{k}\)
Cho \(k=3,4,...,2020.\)Ta có:
\(N=\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}}+\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}}+...+\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{2019^2}+\frac{1}{2020^2}}\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}\right)+\left(1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\right)+...+\left(1+\frac{1}{2018}-\frac{1}{2019}\right)+\left(1+\frac{1}{2019}-\frac{1}{2020}\right)\)
\(=2018+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2020}=2018\frac{1009}{2020}\)
Vậy \(N=2018\frac{1009}{2020}.\)
Xét phân thức phụ sau, với n nguyên dương lớn hơn 1 ta có:
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{\left(n+1\right)-n}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)\left(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right)}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}\)
\(< \frac{2\sqrt{n+1}\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{n+1}\right)^2\sqrt{n}}=2\left(\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\left(\sqrt{n+1}\right)\sqrt{n}}\right)\)
\(=2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
=> \(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}< 2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
Áp dụng vào bài toán ta được:
\(A=2\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2019}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2020}}\right)\)
\(A=2-\frac{2}{\sqrt{2020}}< 2=B\)
Vậy A < B