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với x;y>=0 ta có:
\(A^2=\left(\sqrt{2x+1}+\sqrt{2y+1}\right)^2=2x+1+2y+1+2\sqrt{\left(2x+1\right)\left(2y+1\right)}\)
\(=2\left(x+y\right)+2+\sqrt{4xy+2x+2y+1}=2\left(x+y\right)+2+\sqrt{4xy+2\left(x+y\right)+1}\)
\(2=2\left(x^2+y^2\right)=\left(1+1\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)>=\left(x+y\right)^2\Rightarrow x+y< =\sqrt{2}\)(bđt bunhiacopxki)
\(2xy< =x^2+y^2=1\Rightarrow2\cdot2xy=4xy< =2\cdot1=2\)
\(\Rightarrow A^2=2\left(x+y\right)+2+2\sqrt{4xy+2\left(x+y\right)+1}< =2\sqrt{2}+2+2\sqrt{2+2\sqrt{2}+1}\)
\(=2\sqrt{2}+2+2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2}=2\sqrt{2}+2+2\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)4\sqrt{2}+4\)
\(\Rightarrow A< =\sqrt{4\sqrt{2}+4}\)
dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=\(\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}\)
vậy max A là \(\sqrt{4\sqrt{2}+4}\)khi \(x=y=\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(x^2+y^2+xy=3\)
Có \(x^2+y^2\ge2xy\) \(\Rightarrow3=x^2+y^2+xy\ge2xy+xy\) \(\Leftrightarrow xy\le1\)
\(x^2+y^2\ge-2xy\) \(\Rightarrow3=x^2+y^2+xy\ge-2xy+xy\) \(\Leftrightarrow-3\le xy\)
Đặt A= \(x^2+y^2-xy=\left(3-xy\right)-xy=3-2xy\)
mà \(-3\le xy\le1\) \(\Rightarrow9\ge3-2xy\ge1\)
=> minA=1 <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy=1\\x=y\end{matrix}\right.\) <=>x=y=1
maxA=9 <=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy=-3\\x=-y\end{matrix}\right.\) <=>\(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\sqrt{3};-\sqrt{3}\right);\left(-\sqrt{3};\sqrt{3}\right)\)
Đặt \(P=x^2+y^2-xy\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{P}{3}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2-xy}{3}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2-xy}{x^2+y^2+xy}\)
\(\dfrac{P}{3}=\dfrac{3x^2+3y^2-3xy}{3\left(x^2+y^2+xy\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+xy+2\left(x^2+y^2-2xy\right)}{3\left(x^2+y^2+xy\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{P}{3}=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{2\left(x-y\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+xy\right)}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\Rightarrow P\ge1\)
\(P_{min}=1\) khi \(x=y=1\)
\(\dfrac{P}{3}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2-xy}{x^2+y^2+xy}=\dfrac{3\left(x^2+y^2+xy\right)-2\left(x^2+y^2+2xy\right)}{x^2+y^2+xy}=3-\dfrac{2\left(x+y\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+xy}\le3\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le9\)
\(P_{max}=9\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\sqrt{3};-\sqrt{3}\right);\left(-\sqrt{3};\sqrt{3}\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có: 2 x 2 + 1 2 ≥ 2 x ; 2 y 2 + 1 2 ≥ 2 y và x 2 + y 2 ≥ 2 x y
Cộng vế với vế các BĐT trên ta được:
3 x 2 + y 2 + 1 ≥ 2 x + y + x y = 5 2
=> A = x 2 + y 2 ≥ 1 2
Từ đó tìm được A m i n = 1 2 <=> x = y = 1 2
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đặt \(P=x+y\Rightarrow P^2=\left(x+y\right)^2\le2\left(x^2+y^2\right)=8\)
\(\Rightarrow-2\sqrt{2}\le P\le2\sqrt{2}\)
\(P_{min}=-2\sqrt{2}\) khi \(x=y=-\sqrt{2}\)
\(P_{max}=2\sqrt{2}\) khi \(x=y=\sqrt{2}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(a+b=2\)
=> \(b=2-a\)
\(A=a^2+\left(2-a\right)^2=2a^2-4a+4=\left(\sqrt{2}a-\sqrt{2}\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=2\)
b) \(x+2y=8\)
=> \(x=8-2y\)
\(B=y\left(8-2y\right)=8y-2y^2=8-\left(\sqrt{2}y-2\sqrt{2}\right)^2\le8\)
Vậy \(B_{max}=8\)
a) \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2\ge2ab\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge a^2+b^2+2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}=\frac{2^2}{2}=2\)
Dấu \(=\)khi \(a=b=1\).
b) \(\left(x-2y\right)^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow x^2+4y^2\ge4xy\Leftrightarrow x^2+4xy+4y^2\ge8xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy\le\frac{\left(x+2y\right)^2}{8}=\frac{8^2}{8}=8\)
Dấu \(=\)khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\y=2\end{cases}}\).
\(-2A=2x^2+2y^2-2xy-4x-4y\)
\(=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-8\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-8\ge-8\)
=> \(A\le4\)
"=" xảy ra <=> x=y=2
Vậy max A=4 tại x=y=2