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\(A=\dfrac{1}{2^3}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^3}+\dfrac{1}{2017^3}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^3}+\dfrac{1}{2017^3}>\dfrac{1}{8}>\dfrac{1}{12}\left(1\right)\)
Xét thừa số tổng quát: \(\dfrac{1}{n^3}< \dfrac{1}{n^3-n}=\dfrac{1}{n\left(n^2-1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}\)
Hay:
\(A< \dfrac{1}{1.2.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}+...+\dfrac{1}{2016.2017.2018}\)
\(A< \dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{1.2}-\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}-\dfrac{1}{3.4}+..+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}-\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}+...+\dfrac{1}{2016.2017}-\dfrac{1}{2017.2018}\right)\)
\(A< \dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2017.2018}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{2.2017.2018}< \dfrac{1}{4}< \dfrac{505}{5028}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có đpcm
Mình cảm ơn bạn nhiều lắm Mong bạn có thể giúp đỡ mình trong những cơ hội nhé thank you😊😊😊😊😊
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Theo bài ra, ta có: \(B=\dfrac{2018}{1}+\dfrac{2017}{2}+\dfrac{2016}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2018}\)
\(B=\left(\dfrac{2018}{1}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{2017}{2}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{2016}{3}+1\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2018}+1\right)-2018\)
\(B=2019+\dfrac{2019}{2}+\dfrac{2019}{3}+...+\dfrac{2019}{2018}-2018\)
\(B=\dfrac{2019}{2}+\dfrac{2019}{3}+...+\dfrac{2019}{2018}+\left(2019-2018\right)\)
\(B=\dfrac{2019}{2}+\dfrac{2019}{3}+...+\dfrac{2019}{2018}+1\)
\(B=\dfrac{2019}{2}+\dfrac{2019}{3}+...+\dfrac{2019}{2018}+\dfrac{2019}{2019}\)
\(B=2019\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2019}\right)\)
Khi đó:\(\dfrac{B}{A}=\dfrac{2019\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2019}\right)}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2019}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{B}{A}=2019\), là 1 số nguyên.
Vậy \(\dfrac{B}{A}\) là số nguyên.
\(N=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2018}}\)
=> \(3N=1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2017}}\)
=> \(3N-N=\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2017}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2018}}\right)\)
<=> \(2N=1-\frac{1}{3^{2018}}< 1\)
<=> \(N< \frac{1}{2}\)
=> dpcm