![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta chứng minh BĐT sau với các số dương:
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
Thật vậy, BĐT tương đương: \(\dfrac{x+y}{xy}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Áp dụng:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{4}{b+c}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\dfrac{4}{c+a}\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(2\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}+\dfrac{4}{b+c}+\dfrac{4}{c+a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{2}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{2}{c+a}\)
b.
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{3}{b}\ge\dfrac{12}{a+b}\) (1)
\(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{4}{b+c}\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\ge\dfrac{8}{b+c}\) (2)
\(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\dfrac{4}{c+a}\) (3)
Cộng vế với vế (1); (2) và (3):
\(\dfrac{4}{a}+\dfrac{5}{b}+\dfrac{3}{c}\ge4\left(\dfrac{3}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta cần chứng minh BĐT phụ sau là : Với x,y>0 thì \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\Leftrightarrow y\left(x+y\right)+x\left(x+y\right)\ge4xy\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng )
dấu = xảy ra <=> x=y
Áp dụng BĐT phụ đó , ta có \(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}\ge\frac{4}{a+b+2}=\frac{4}{3}\)
dấu = xảy ra <=>a=b=1/2
\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}=\frac{b+1+a+1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}=\frac{1+1+1}{ab+a+b+1}=\frac{3}{ab+1+1}\)
\(=\frac{3}{a\left(1-a\right)+2}=\frac{3}{a-a^2+2}=\frac{3}{-\left(a^2-a+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{9}{4}}=\frac{3}{-\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{9}{4}}\)
\(\ge\frac{3}{\frac{9}{4}}=\frac{4}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lời giải:
a) Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho các số dương:
$a^3+\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{8}\geq \frac{3}{4}a$
$b^3+\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{8}\geq \frac{3}{4}b$
$\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+\frac{1}{2}\geq \frac{3}{4}(a+b)=\frac{3}{4}$
$\Rightarrow a^3+b^3\geq \frac{1}{4}$ (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=\frac{1}{2}$
b) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{1}{a^3+b^3}+\frac{3}{ab}=\frac{1}{a^2-ab+b^2}+\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{ab}\geq \frac{(1+1+1+1)^2}{a^2-ab+b^2+ab+ab+ab}\)
\(=\frac{16}{(a+b)^2}=16\)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=\frac{1}{2}$
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{4}{c}+\frac{16}{d}=\frac{1^2}{a}+\frac{1^2}{b}+\frac{2^2}{c}+\frac{4^2}{d}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwar dạng Engel ta có:
\(\frac{1^2}{a}+\frac{1^2}{b}+\frac{2^2}{c}+\frac{4^2}{d}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+2+4\right)^2}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(=\frac{8^2}{a+b+c+d}=\frac{64}{a+b+c+d}=VP\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Áp dụng BĐT cho 2 số dương:
\(\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
Xét: c + 1 = c + a + b + c
\(\frac{ab}{\left(c+1\right)}\le\frac{ab}{4}.\left[\frac{1}{\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)}\right]\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{bc}{\left(a+1\right)}\le\frac{bc}{4}.\left[\frac{1}{\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(b+a\right)}\right]\)
\(\frac{ca}{\left(b+1\right)}\le\frac{ac}{4}.\left[\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(c+b\right)}\right]\)
Cộng lại:
\(\frac{ac}{\left(c+1\right)}+\frac{bc}{\left(a+1\right)}+\frac{ca}{\left(b+1\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}\left\{\frac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{ab}{\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{bc}{\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{bc}{\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{ac}{\left(a+b\right)}\right\}\)
Cộng lại + rút gọn mẫu số
\(\frac{ab}{\left(c+1\right)}+\frac{bc}{\left(a+1\right)}+\frac{ca}{b+1}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)=\frac{1}{4}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi a = b = c
P/s: Sai đâu bạn sửa nhé!
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{4ab}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2\ge4ab\) (vì xy(x+y) >0 với x,y > 0)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)( Đúng)
Vậy \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
Lời giải:
Xét hiệu:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}-\frac{4}{a+b}=\frac{a+b}{ab}-\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(=\frac{(a+b)^2-4ab}{ab(a+b)}=\frac{a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab}{ab(a+b)}=\frac{a^2-2ab+b^2}{ab(a+b)}=\frac{(a-b)^2}{ab(a+b)}\geq 0, \forall a,b>0\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\geq \frac{4}{a+b}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b$
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 2:
\(a^4+b^4\ge a^3b+b^3a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3b+b^4-b^3a\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3\left(a-b\right)-b^3\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\)
ta thấy : \(\orbr{\orbr{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\\\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\end{cases}}}\Leftrightarrow dpcm\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi a = b
tk nka !!!! mk cố giải mấy bài nữa !11
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\frac{a}{b^2}+\frac{1}{a}\ge\frac{2}{b}\) BĐT Cô-si
Tương tự suy ra đpcm
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
<=>\(\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
<=>\(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
<=>\(a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab\ge0\)
<=>\(a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
<=>\(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
Luôn đúng với mọi x,y.
Vậy 1/a+1/b>=4/(a+b). Dấu "=" xảy ra<=>x=y