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\(S=1+2-3-4+5+6-7-8+9-10-...+2018-2019-2020-2021\)
\(S=1+\left(2-3\right)-4+5+\left(6-7\right)-8+9-10-...+\left(2018-2019\right)-2020-2021\)
\(S=1-1+1-1+...-1-2020-2021=-1-2020-2021=-4042\)
b) Tích của số chia và thương là :
\(89-12=77\)=7.11
⇒ Số chia là 11; thương là 7
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gọi \(S=1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2015}\Rightarrow2S=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{2016}\)
\(\Rightarrow2S-S=S=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{2016}-1-2-2^2-2^3-...-2^{2015}\)
\(=\left(2-2\right)+\left(2^2-2^2\right)+\left(2^3-2^3\right)+\left(2^4-2^4\right)+...+2^{2016}-1=2^{2016}-1\)
\(2^{2016}-1⋮2^{2016}-1\Rightarrow2^{2016}-1+1=2^{2016}:2^{2016}-1\)dư 1
\(\Rightarrow2^{2016}+2^{2016}+2^{2016}+2^{2016}\)dư 1+1+1+1=4\(\Rightarrow4\cdot2^{2016}=2^2\cdot2^{2016}=2^{2018}:2^{2016}-1\)dư 4
\(\Rightarrow2^{2018}:S\)dư 4
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Đặt \(A=1+2+2^2+2^3+......+2^{2015}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+......+2^{2016}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2A-A=1-2^{2016}\)( sử dụng triệt tiêu các số giống nhau còn lại \(1\)và \(2^{2016}\))
Ta thực hiên phép chia :
\(A=\frac{2^{2018}}{2^{2016}-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow A+1=\frac{2^{2018}}{2^{2016}}\)
Vậy số dư phép chia \(2^{2018}\)cho \(1+2+2^2+2^3+.....+2^{2015}\)là 1
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\(x^{2020}=x\Leftrightarrow x^{2020}-x=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^{2019}-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x^{2019}-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x^{2019}=1\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=1\end{cases}}\)
\(1+2+2^2+2^3+....+2^{2019}+2^{2020}\)
\(A=\left(1+2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4+2^5\right)+....+\left(2^{2016}+2^{2017}+2^{2018}\right)+2^{2019}+2^{2020}\)
\(A=\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^3\left(1+2+2^2\right)+.....+2^{2016}\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^{2019}+2^{2020}\)
\(A=7+2^3.7+2^6.7+2^9.7+....+2^{2016}.7+2^{2019}+2^{2020}\)
\(\text{Ta có:}2^{2019}+2^{2020}=8^{673}+8^{673}.2\equiv1+1.2\left(\text{mod 7}\right)\equiv3\left(\text{mod 7}\right)\Rightarrow A\text{ chia 7 dư 3}\)
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a) Ta có: \(2019\equiv3\left(mod9\right)\)
=> \(A=2019^{2018}\equiv3^{2018}\equiv3^{2.1009}\equiv9^{1009}\equiv0\left(mod9\right)\)
=> A chia 9 dư 0
b) Ta có: \(2020\equiv10\left(mod15\right)\)
=> \(B=2020^{2019}\equiv10^{2019}\equiv10\left(mod15\right)\)
=> B chia 15 dư 10.