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a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Na}=2n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Na}=0,1.23=2,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Na_2O}=8,5-2,3=6,2\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}+2n_{Na_2O}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,3.40=12\left(g\right)\)
nH2 = 1 mol => nH+ cần trung hòa = 2nH2 = 2 mol
Gọi nH2SO4 = 3a mol => nHCl = a mol
=> nH+ = 3a.2 + a = 2 => a = \(\dfrac{2}{7}\)
=> nSO4= nH2SO4= 3.\(\dfrac{2}{7}\) = \(\dfrac{6}{7}\)mol; nCl = nHCl= \(\dfrac{2}{7}\) mol
Ta có
mmuối = mKim loại + mCl + mSO4
= 35 + \(\dfrac{2}{7}\).35,5 + \(\dfrac{6}{7}\).96 = 127,42 gam
Tham khảo :
nH2 = 1 mol => nH+ cần trung hòa = 2nH2 = 2 mol
Gọi nHCl = 3a mol => nH2SO4 = a mol
=> nH+ = 3a + 2a = 2 => a = 0,4
=> nCl = nHCl = 3.0,4 = 1,2 mol; nSO4 = nH2SO4 = 0,4 mol
Ta có mmuối = mKim loại + mCl + mSO4 = 35 + 1,2.35,5 + 0,4.96 = 116 gam
nH2 = 2.24/22.4 = 0.1 (mol)
Na + H2O => NaOH + 1/2 H2
0.2....................0.2..........0.1
mNa = 0.2 * 23 = 4.6 (g)
mNa2O = 17 - 4.6 = 12.4 (g)
nNa2O = 12.4/62 = 0.2 (mol)
Na2O + H2O => 2NaOH
0.2........................0.4
nNaOH = 0.2 + 0.4 = 0.6 (mol)
mNaOH = 0.6 * 40 = 24 (g)
nCuO = 24/80 = 0.3 (mol)
CuO + H2 -t0-> Cu + H2O
1...........1
0.3.........0.1
LTL : 0.3/1 > 0.1/1
=> CuO dư
nCu = nH2 = 0.1 (mol)
mCu = 0.1 * 64 = 6.4 (g)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=5a\left(mol\right),n_{HCl}=3a\left(mol\right)\)
\(m=98\cdot5a+36.5\cdot3a=5.995\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a=0.01\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0.05\left(mol\right),n_{HCl}=0.03\left(mol\right)\)
\(b.\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0.025\left(mol\right),n_{HCl}=0.015\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CO}=x\left(mol\right),n_{CO_2}=y\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_B=x+y=0.025+0.015=0.04\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(m_B=28x+44y=2.16\left(g\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):\) Không biết sao tới chổ này số mol âm mất em ơii
2 kim loại gồm Fe, Cu
\(n_{Al}=a;n_{Fe\left(pư\right)}=b;n_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=c\\ 27a+56\left(b+c\right)=8,3\\ n_{Cu}=0,2.1,05=0,21=1,5a+b\\ m_X=56c+64.0,21=15,68\\ a=0,1;b=0,06;c=0,04\\ \%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27a}{8,3}.100\%=32,53\%\\ \%m_{Fe}=67,47\%\)
a)
Gọi $n_{KMnO_4} = a(mol) \Rightarrow n_{KClO_3} = 2a(mol)$
Suy ra :
$158a + 122,5.2a = 40,3 \Rightarrow a = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{KMnO_4} = 0,1.158 = 15,8(gam)$
$m_{KClO_3} = 0,1.122,5 = 12,25(gam)$
b)
$2KMnO_4 \xrightarrow{t^o} K_2MnO_4 + MnO_2 + O_2$
$2KClO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2KCl + 3O_2$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{O_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{KMnO_4} + \dfrac{3}{2}n_{KClO_3} = 0,35(mol)$
$m_{O_2} = 0,35.32 = 11,2(gam)$
Gọi \(n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right)\rightarrow n_{Mg}=\dfrac{1}{1}.a=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow n_{Zn}=0,3-a-a=0,3-2a\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow65\left(0,3-2a\right)+56a+24a=13\\ \Leftrightarrow a=0,13\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=n_{Mg}=0,13\left(mol\right)\\n_{Zn}=0,3-0,13.2=0,04\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{56.0,13}{13}.100\%=56\%\\\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{24.0,13}{13}.100\%=24\%\\\%m_{Zn}=100\%-56\%-25\%=20\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2
Theo pthh: nH2 = nkim loại = 0,3 (mol)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{80}{80}=1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
LTL: 1 > 0,3 => CuO dư
Chất rắn sau pư gồm: CuO dư, Cu
Theo pthh: nCuO (pư) = nCu = nH2 = 0,3 (mol)
=> mchất rắn = 80,(1 - 0,3) + 64.0,3 = 75,2 (g)
