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nCO2=0,12(mol)
nNaOH=0,2(mol)
Ta có: 1< nNaOH/nCO2=0,2/0,12=1,667<2
=> Sp thu được hỗn hợp 2 muối Na2CO3 và NaHCO3
Đặt nCO2(1), (2) lần lượt là a, b(mol) (a,b>0)
PTHH: 2 NaOH + CO2 -to-> Na2CO3 + H2O (1)
2a_________a_________a(mol)
NaOH + CO2 -> NaHCO3 (2)
b_____b______b(mol)
Từ (1), (2) ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a+b=0,2\\a+b=0,12\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,08\\b=0,04\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vddsau=VddNaOH=0,2(l)
=> CMddNaHCO3= 0,04/0,2=0,2(M)
CMddNa2CO3=0,08/0,2=0,4(M)
\(n_{CO_2}=0,12mol\\ n_{NaOH}=0,2mol\\ T=\frac{n_{NaOH}}{n_{CO_2}}=\frac{0,2}{0,12}=1,66// \to Na2CO_3; NaHCO_3// 2NaOH+CO_2 \to Na_2CO_3\\ NaoH+CO_2 \to NaHCO_3\\ n_{Na_2CO_3}=a(mol)\\ n_{NaHCO_3}=b(mol)\\ n_{NaOH}=2a+b=0,2(1)\\ n_{CO_2}=a+b=0,12(2)\\ (1)(2)\\ a=0,08; b=0,04\\ CM_{Na_2CO_3}=\frac{0,08}{0,2}=0,4(mol)\\ CM_{NaHCO_3}=\frac{0,04}{0,2}=0,2(mol)\\ \)
a. \(n_{CO_2}=0,02\left(mol\right);n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,008\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{OH^-}=0,016\\ Tacó:\dfrac{n_{OH^-}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0,016}{0,02}=0,8\Rightarrow ChỉtạoCa\left(HCO_3\right)_2,CO_2dư\\ 2CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow Ca\left(HCO_3\right)_2+H_2O\\ n_{Ca\left(HCO_3\right)_2}=n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,016\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow CM_{Ca\left(HCO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,016}{0,4}=0,04M\)
\(b.n_{SO_2}=0,18\left(mol\right);n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{OH^-}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\Tacó:\dfrac{n_{OH^-}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,18}=2,22\Rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right) _2dư\\ SO_2+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow BaCO_3+H_2O\\ n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2dư}=0,2-0,18=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow CM_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2dư}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,2}=0,1M\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,3.1,5=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
0,2------->0,1--------->0,1
Xét \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,45}{1}\Rightarrow\) \(H_2SO_4\)dư
Trong dung dịch D có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2SO_4}=0,45-0,1=0,35\left(mol\right)\\n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}CM_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,35}{0,5}=0,7M\\CM_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2M\end{matrix}\right.\)
b
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CaSO_4+2H_2O\)
0,35<---------0,35
\(V_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,35.74}{1,2}=\dfrac{259}{12}\approx21,58\left(ml\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd.Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{259}{12}.100\%}{10\%}=\dfrac{1295}{6}\approx215,83\left(ml\right)\)
nCO2 = 3,36 : 22,4 = 0,15 mol; nNaOH=0,3x0,7=0,21mol
Đặt T = nOH / nCO2 = 0,21 / 0,15 = 1,4
Vid 1 < T < 2 nên pứ tạo 2 muối NaHCO3 và Na2CO3
Hợp thức theo tỉ số T , ta có PTHH chung
5CO2 + 7NaOH ===> 2Na2CO3 + 3NaHCO3 + 2H2O
0,16 -------------------------> 0,06 ------------>0,09 mol
CM(Na2CO3) = 0,06 / 0,3 = 0,2M
CM(NaHCO3)=0,09 / 0,3 = 0,3M
nCO2=0.15(mol)
nNaOH=0.21(mol)
CO2+2NaOH->Na2CO3+H2O
theo pthh nCO2=1/2 nNaOH
Theo bài ra nCO2=5/7 nNaOH
->CO2 dư
nCO2 dư=0.15-0.21:2=0.045(mol)->CM=0.15(M)
nNa2CO3=0.105(mol)->CM=0.35(M)
nCO2=0,15mol
nNa2CO3=0,25mol
PTHH: CO2+2NaOH=>Na2CO3 + H2O
0,15: 0,25 =>nNa2CO3 dư
p/ư: 0,15----0,3---------->0,15
=>V=0,3:1,2=0.25lit
=> CM(Na2CO3)=0,15:0,25=0,6M
Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,15}=\dfrac{4}{3}\)
→ Pư tạo NaHCO3 và Na2CO3
PT: \(CO_2+NaOH\rightarrow NaHCO_3\)
\(CO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=n_{NaHCO_3}+n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,15\\n_{NaOH}=n_{NaHCO_3}+2n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaHCO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{NaHCO_3}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{Na_2CO_3}}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,2}=0,25\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Đặt:n_{C_2H_2}=a\left(mol\right),n_{CH_4}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{hh}=a+b=0.15\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(C_2H_2\rightarrow2CO_2\)
\(CH_4\rightarrow CO_2\)
\(n_{CO_2}=2a+b=0.2\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.05,b=0.1\)
\(\%C_2H_2=\dfrac{0.05}{0.15}\cdot100\%=33.33\%\)
\(\%CH_4=66.67\%\)
\(2NaOH+CO_2\rightarrow Na_{_{ }2}CO_3+H_2O\)
\(0.4...............0.2............0.2\)
\(C_{M_{Na_2CO_3}}=\dfrac{0.2}{0.5}=0.4\left(M\right)\)
\(C_{M_{NaOH\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0.5-0.4}{0.5}=0.2\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,2-->0,4----->0,2------->0,2
a
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
b
\(CM_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\)
c
\(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
0,2------>0,4
\(V_{dd.NaOH}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(l\right)\)