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\(x+y\le xy\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\le1\)
\(M=\dfrac{1}{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)+x^2}\le\dfrac{1}{4xy+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{4xy+x^2}\)
\(B\le\dfrac{1}{25}\left(\dfrac{4}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)+\dfrac{1}{25}\left(\dfrac{4}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{x^2}\right)=\dfrac{1}{25}\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{2}{xy}+\dfrac{6}{xy}\right)\)
\(M\le\dfrac{1}{25}\left[\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\right]=\dfrac{1}{10}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\le\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(M_{max}=\dfrac{1}{10}\) khi \(x=y=2\)
Sử dụng BĐT cộng mẫu:
\(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1+1+1\right)^2}{xy+xy+xy+xy+y^2}=\dfrac{25}{4xy+y^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4xy+y^2}\le\dfrac{1}{25}\left(\dfrac{4}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
sol của tớ :3
Nếu y=0 thì x2=1 => P=2
Nếu y\(\ne\)0 .Đặt \(t=\frac{x}{y}\)
\(P=\frac{2\left(x^2+6xy\right)}{1+2xy+2y^2}=\frac{2\left(x^2+6xy\right)}{x^2+2xy+3y^2}=\frac{2\left[\left(\frac{x}{y}\right)^2+6\cdot\frac{x}{y}\right]}{\left(\frac{x}{y}\right)^2+2\frac{x}{y}+3}=\frac{2\left(t^2+6t\right)}{t^2+2t+3}\)
\(\Rightarrow P.t^2+2P\cdot t+3P=2t^2+12t\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^2\left(P-2\right)+2t\left(P-6\right)+3P=0\)
Xét \(\Delta'=\left(P-2\right)^2-3P\left(P-6\right)=-2P^2-6P+36\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-6\le P\le3\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi:
Max:\(x=\frac{3}{\sqrt{10}};y=\frac{1}{\sqrt{10}}\left(h\right)x=\frac{3}{-\sqrt{10}};y=\frac{1}{-\sqrt{10}}\)
Min:\(x=\frac{3}{\sqrt{13}};y=-\frac{2}{\sqrt{13}}\left(h\right)x=-\frac{3}{\sqrt{13}};y=\frac{2}{\sqrt{13}}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(1\ge x+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{y}}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{y}=a\Rightarrow0< a\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{x}{y}\right)^2-\dfrac{2x}{y}+2}{\dfrac{x}{y}+1}=\dfrac{a^2-2a+2}{a+1}=\dfrac{4a^2-8a+8}{4\left(a+1\right)}=\dfrac{4a^2-13a+3+5\left(a+1\right)}{4\left(a+1\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{5}{4}+\dfrac{\left(1-4a\right)\left(3-a\right)}{4\left(a+1\right)}\ge\dfrac{5}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=\dfrac{1}{4}\) hay \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};2\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
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bài này năm trrong đề thi tuyển sinh vào lớp 10 ĐHSP Hà Nội Năm 2018 (vòng 2) bn có thể tìm đáp án trên mạng để tham khảo
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\sqrt{1+x^2y^2}\)
\(\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{xy}}\sqrt{1+x^2y^2}=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{xy}+xy}=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{16xy}+xy+\frac{15}{16xy}}\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{2\sqrt{\frac{1}{16xy}\cdot xy}+\frac{15}{4\left(x+y\right)^2}}=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{15}{4}}=\sqrt{17}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tai x=y=1/2
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có : \(\frac{3x^2}{2}+y^2+z^2+yz=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2+2y^2+2z^2+2yz=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx\right)+\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2xz+z^2\right)=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-z\right)^2=2\)
\(\Rightarrow-\sqrt{2}\le B\le\sqrt{2}\)
Vậy \(MinB=-\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\)
\(MaxB=\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\)