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\(VT=\frac{2\cos2\alpha.\cos\alpha}{2.\sin2\alpha\cos\alpha}.\frac{\sin2\alpha}{\cos2\alpha}-2\left(2\sin\alpha.\cos\alpha\right)^2\)
\(VT=1-2\left(\sin2\alpha\right)^2=\cos4\alpha\)
a/ Ta có: \(tan\alpha=5\Rightarrow cot\alpha=\frac{1}{5}\) . Đề: \(\frac{sin\alpha}{sin^3\alpha+cos^3\alpha}=\frac{\frac{1}{sin^2\alpha}}{1+\frac{cos^3\alpha}{sin^3\alpha}}=\frac{1+cot^2\alpha}{1+cot^3\alpha}=\frac{1+\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^2}{1+\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^3}=\frac{65}{63}\)
b/ Ta có vế trái \(=\frac{sin^2x+cos^2x+cos^2x-sin^2x+\left(sinx+sin3x\right)}{1+2sinx}=\frac{2cos^2x+2.sin2x.cosx}{1+2sinx}=\frac{2cos^2x+4.sinx.cos^2x}{1+2sinx}=\frac{2cos^2x.\left(1+2sinx\right)}{1+2sinx}=2cos^2x\) ( = vế phải)
\(P=\frac{sin2a+2cos4a.sina}{cos4a+cosa}=\frac{2sina.cosa+2sina.cos4a}{cos4a+cosa}=\frac{2sina\left(cosa+cos4a\right)}{cos4a+cosa}=2sina\)
\(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{c^2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2b^2}{b^2c^2}}\ge\frac{2a}{c}\) ; \(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\frac{2c}{b}\) ; \(\frac{b^2}{c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\frac{2b}{a}\)
Cộng vế với vế ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
2. \(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{bc.ac}{ab}}=2c\) ; \(\frac{ac}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\ge2a\) ; \(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ab}{c}\ge2b\)
Cộng vế với vế ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Ta thấy: \(\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^2+bc}{abc\left(b^2+c^2\right)}}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a^2+bc}{\sqrt[3]{\left(a^2b+b^2c\right)\left(bc^2+ca^2\right)\left(c^2a+ab^2\right)}}\)
Ta lại có: \(\sqrt[3]{\left(a^2b+b^2c\right)\left(bc^2+ca^2\right)\left(c^2a+ab^2\right)}\le\frac{\left(a^2b+b^2c\right)+\left(bc^2+ca^2\right)+\left(c^2a+ab^2\right)}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^2+bc}{abc\left(b^2+c^2\right)}}\ge\frac{\Sigma_{cyc}\left(a^2+bc\right)}{\frac{1}{3}\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca}{\frac{1}{3}\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)}\)
Nhận thấy: \(A=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca\right)=a^3+b^3+c^3+3abc+2\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)\)
Theo Schur: \(a^3+b^3+c^3+3abc\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\ge3\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^2+bc}{abc\left(b^2+c^2\right)}}\ge\frac{3\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)}{\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)}=\frac{9}{a+b+c}\)
Lời giải
Mấu chốt của bài toán, ta sẽ CM \(r=4R\sin\left(\frac{A}{2}\right)\sin\left(\frac{B}{2}\right)\sin\left(\frac{C}{2}\right)\)
Ta có:
Theo định lý hàm sin: \(\frac{a}{\sin A}=\frac{b}{\sin B}=\frac{c}{\sin C}=2R\Rightarrow BC=2R\sin A\)
\(\Rightarrow 2R\sin A=BC=BN+NC=r\cot\left(\frac{B}{2}\right)+r\cot\left(\frac{C}{2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 4R\sin\frac{A}{2}\cos\frac{A}{2}=r\left ( \frac{\cos\frac{B}{2}}{\sin \frac{B}{2}}+\frac{\cos\frac{C}{2}}{\sin \frac{C}{2}} \right )=r\frac{\sin\frac{B+C}{2}}{\sin\frac{B}{2}\sin\frac{C}{2}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 4R\sin\frac{A}{2}\cos\frac{A}{2}=r\frac{\sin\frac{180^0-A}{2}}{\sin\frac{B}{2}\sin\frac{C}{2}}=r\frac{\cos \frac{A}{2}}{\sin \frac{B}{2}\sin\frac{C}{2}}\)
\(\Rightarrow r=4R\sin\frac{A}{2}\sin\frac{B}{2}\sin\frac{C}{2}\)
Do đó BĐT chuyển về CM:
\(\sin^3\frac{A}{2}+\sin^3\frac{B}{2}+\sin^3\frac{C}{2}\geq 3\sin\frac{A}{2}\sin\frac{B}{2}\sin\frac{C}{2}\)
Hiển nhiên đúng theo AM-GM
Do đó ta có đpcm
Dấu $=$ xảy ra khi \(\widehat{A}=\widehat{B}=\widehat{C}\Leftrightarrow \triangle ABC\) đều