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a/ Điều kiện \(\hept{\begin{cases}a\ge0\\a\ne\frac{1}{9}\end{cases}}\) \(\Rightarrow0\le a\ne\frac{1}{9}\)
b/ \(M=\left(\frac{2\sqrt{a}}{3\sqrt{a}+1}+\frac{\sqrt{a}-2}{1-3\sqrt{a}}-\frac{5\sqrt{a}+3}{9a-1}\right):\left(a-\frac{2\sqrt{a}-6}{3\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{2\sqrt{a}\left(1-3\sqrt{a}\right)+\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(1+3\sqrt{a}\right)+5\sqrt{a}+3}{\left(1-3\sqrt{a}\right)\left(1+3\sqrt{a}\right)}:\left(\frac{3a\sqrt{a}-2\sqrt{a}+6-a}{3\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{2\sqrt{a}-6a+\sqrt{a}+3a-2-6\sqrt{a}+5\sqrt{a}+3}{\left(1-3\sqrt{a}\right)\left(1+3\sqrt{a}\right)}.\left(\frac{3\sqrt{a}-1}{3a\sqrt{a}-2\sqrt{a}+6-a}\right)\)
\(=\frac{3a-2\sqrt{a}-1}{1+3\sqrt{a}}.\frac{1}{3a\sqrt{a}-2\sqrt{a}+6-a}\)
\(=\frac{\left(3\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{1+3\sqrt{a}}.\frac{1}{3a\sqrt{a}-2\sqrt{a}+6-a}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{a}-1}{3a\sqrt{a}-2\sqrt{a}+6-a}\)
Hình như đề sai rồi bạn :(
a/ Điều kiện xác định : \(\hept{\begin{cases}a\ge0\\a\ne9\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}0\le a\ne9\)
b/ \(M=\left(\frac{2\sqrt{a}}{3\sqrt{a}+1}+\frac{\sqrt{a}-2}{1-3\sqrt{a}}-\frac{5\sqrt{a}+3}{9a-1}\right):\left(1-\frac{2\sqrt{a}-6}{3\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{2\sqrt{a}\left(3\sqrt{a}-1\right)+\left(2-\sqrt{a}\right)\left(3\sqrt{a}+1\right)-5\sqrt{a}-3}{\left(3\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(3\sqrt{a}-1\right)}:\frac{\sqrt{a}+5}{3\sqrt{a}-1}\)
\(=\frac{6a-2\sqrt{a}+6\sqrt{a}+2-3a-\sqrt{a}-5\sqrt{a}-3}{\left(3\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(3\sqrt{a}-1\right)}.\frac{3\sqrt{a}-1}{\sqrt{a}+5}\)
\(=\frac{3a-2\sqrt{a}-1}{3\sqrt{a}+1}.\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+5}\)
\(=\frac{\left(3\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{\left(3\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+5\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{a}-1}{\sqrt{a}+5}\)
c/ \(a=9-4\sqrt{5}=\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)^2\) thay vào M được
\(\frac{\sqrt{5}-2-1}{\sqrt{5}-2+5}=\frac{\sqrt{5}-3}{\sqrt{5}+3}=\frac{-7+3\sqrt{5}}{2}\)
d/ \(M=\frac{\sqrt{a}-1}{\sqrt{a}+5}=\frac{\sqrt{a}+5-6}{\sqrt{a}+5}=1-\frac{6}{\sqrt{a}+5}\)
Với mọi \(0\le a\ne9\) thì ta luôn có \(\sqrt{a}+5\ge5\Leftrightarrow\frac{6}{\sqrt{a}+5}\le\frac{6}{5}\Leftrightarrow-\frac{6}{\sqrt{a}+5}\ge-\frac{6}{5}\Leftrightarrow1-\frac{6}{\sqrt{a}+5}\ge1-\frac{6}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge-\frac{1}{5}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = 0
Vậy giá trị nhỏ nhất của M bằng \(-\frac{1}{5}\) khi a = 0
3.
\(5a^2+2ab+2b^2=\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(4a^2+4ab+b^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(2a+b\right)^2\ge\left(2a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{5a^2+2ab+2b^2}\ge2a+b\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{5a^2+2ab+2b^2}}\le\frac{1}{2a+b}\)
Tương tự \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{5b^2+2bc+2c^2}}\le\frac{1}{2b+c};\frac{1}{\sqrt{5c^2+2ca+2a^2}}\le\frac{1}{2c+a}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2a+b}+\frac{1}{2b+c}+\frac{1}{2c+a}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\le\frac{1}{3}.\sqrt{3\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow MaxP=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
\(\sqrt{a^2+\frac{1}{b^2}}+\sqrt{b^2+\frac{1}{c^2}}+\sqrt{c^2+\frac{1}{a^2}}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\frac{81}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\frac{81}{16\left(a+b+c\right)^2}+\frac{1215}{16\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\frac{2.9}{4}+\frac{1215.4}{16.9}}=\frac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
√a2+1b2 +√b2+1c2 +√c2+1a2
≥√(a+b+c)2+(1a +1b +1c )2
≥√(a+b+c)2+81(a+b+c)2
≥√(a+b+c)2+8116(a+b+c)2 +121516(a+b+c)2
≥√2.94 +1215.416.9 =3√172
\(S\ge3\sqrt[6]{\frac{a^2b^2+1}{ab}.\frac{b^2c^2+1}{bc}.\frac{c^2a^2+1}{ca}}\)
2 ) Ta có : \(\frac{1}{3}\left(a^3+b^3+a+b\right)+ab\le a^2+b^2+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2+1-ab\right)+ab\le a^2+b^2+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+1\right)\left(\frac{a+b}{3}-1\right)-ab\left(\frac{a+b}{3}-1\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+1-ab\right)\left(\frac{a+b}{3}-1\right)\le0\)
Do a ; b dương \(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+1-ab>0\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{3}-1\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b\le3\)
\(M=\frac{a^2+8}{a}+\frac{b^2+2}{b}=a+\frac{8}{a}+b+\frac{2}{b}=2a+\frac{8}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+2b-\left(a+b\right)\ge8+4-3=9\)
( áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho a ; b dương )
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=2;b=1\)
Tìm min cho K, tìm max có lẽ Bunhia là ra thôi:
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{3a+1}=x\\\sqrt{3b+1}=y\\\sqrt{3x+1}=z\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow1\le x;y;z\le\sqrt{10}\)
\(x^2+y^2+z^2=3\left(a+b+c\right)+3=12\)
Bài toán trở thành cho \(x^2+y^2+z^2=12\), tìm min \(P=x+y+z\)
Ta có: \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x-\sqrt{10}\right)\le0\Rightarrow x^2-\left(\sqrt{10}+1\right)x+\sqrt{10}\le0\)
\(\left(y-1\right)\left(y-\sqrt{10}\right)=y^2-\left(\sqrt{10}+1\right)y+\sqrt{10}\le0\)
\(\left(z-1\right)\left(z-\sqrt{10}\right)=z^2-\left(\sqrt{10}+1\right)z+\sqrt{10}\le0\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(x^2+y^2+z^2-\left(\sqrt{10}+1\right)\left(x+y+z\right)+3\sqrt{10}\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2+3\sqrt{10}}{\sqrt{10}+1}=\frac{12+3\sqrt{10}}{\sqrt{10}+1}=2+\sqrt{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=2+\sqrt{10}\) khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(1;1;\sqrt{10}\right)\) và các hoán vị hay \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(3;0;0\right)\) và các hoán vị
\(\sqrt[3]{a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}}+\sqrt[3]{b^2+\frac{1}{b^2}}\ge2\sqrt[6]{\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2}+a^2b^2+\frac{1}{a^2b^2}}\ge2\sqrt[6]{2+a^2b^2+\frac{1}{a^2b^2}}\)
đến đây thì ta thấy từ giả thuyết có \(a+b=\frac{2}{3}\Rightarrow a^2b^2\le\frac{1}{81}\)
Xét:
\(a^2b^2+\frac{1}{a^2b^2}=\left(a^2b^2+\frac{1}{6561a^2b^2}\right)+\frac{6560}{6561a^2b^2}\ge\frac{6562}{81}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt[3]{a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}}+\sqrt[3]{b^2+\frac{1}{b^2}}\ge2\sqrt[3]{\frac{82}{9}}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{3}\)