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b)\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}\) và \(\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow1+\dfrac{a+b}{c}=1+\dfrac{b+c}{a}\)và \(1+\dfrac{b+c}{a}=1 +\dfrac{c+a}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{c}{c}+\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{a}{a}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}\)và \(\dfrac{a}{a}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{b}{b}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{c}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a}\)và \(\dfrac{a+b+c}{a}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{c}-\dfrac{a+b+c}{a}=0\) \(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{1}{a}\right)=0\)
và \(\dfrac{a+b+c}{a}-\dfrac{a+b+c}{b}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}\right)=0\)
+) Vì a,b,c đôi một khác 0
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c=0\)
\(\rightarrow a+b=\left(-c\right)\)
\(\rightarrow a+c=\left(-b\right)\)
\(\rightarrow b+c=\left(-a\right)\)
+) Ta có:
\(M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\cdot\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\cdot\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{a+b}{b}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{b+c}{a}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{c+a}{c}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{-c}{b}\cdot\dfrac{-a}{c}\cdot\dfrac{-b}{a}\)
\(=\left(-1\right)\)
Bài 2:
a)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{a}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> a = b = c
b)
\(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{y}{z}=\dfrac{z}{x}\)
=> x = y = z (theo a)
Thay x = y = z vào biểu thức, ta có:
\(M=\dfrac{x^{333}.x^{666}}{x^{999}}=1\)
c)
\(ac=b^2\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}\)
\(ab=c^2\Rightarrow\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{a}\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
Thay a = b = c vào biểu thức, ta có:
\(M=\dfrac{a^{333}}{a^{111}.a^{222}}=1\)
Đề thiếu điều kiện \(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{c+a-b}{b}\) nữa đấy
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{c+a-b}{b}\)
\(=\dfrac{a+b-c+b+c-a+c+a-b}{a+b+c}\)
\(=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}\)
\(=1\)
Với \(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b-c=c\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=2c\left(1\right)\)
Với \(\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow b+c-a=a\)
\(\Rightarrow b+c=2a\left(2\right)\)
Với \(\dfrac{c+a-b}{b}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow c+a-b=b\)
\(\Rightarrow c+a=2b\left(3\right)\)
Ta lại có:
\(\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{b}{b}+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(\dfrac{c}{c}+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(\dfrac{a}{a}+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{a+b}{b}.\dfrac{b+c}{c}.\dfrac{a+c}{a}\)
Thay (1) , (2) và (3) vào ta được
\(=\dfrac{2c}{b}.\dfrac{2a}{c}.\dfrac{2b}{a}\)
\(=\dfrac{8abc}{abc}\)
\(=8\)
d: Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{3c^2+5a^2}{3d^2+5b^2}=\dfrac{3\cdot\left(dk\right)^2+5\cdot\left(bk\right)^2}{3d^2+5b^2}=k^2\)
\(\dfrac{c^2}{d^2}=\dfrac{\left(dk\right)^2}{d^2}=k^2\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{3c^2+5a^2}{3d^2+5b^2}=\dfrac{c^2}{d^2}\)
Áp dụng t/c dtsbn ta có:
\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{c+a-b}{b}=\dfrac{a+b-c+b+c-a+c+a-b}{c+a+b}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)
\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=1\Rightarrow a+b-c=c\Rightarrow a+b=2c\\ \dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=1\Rightarrow b+c-a=a\Rightarrow b+c=2a\\ \dfrac{c+a-b}{b}=1\Rightarrow c+a-b=b\Rightarrow c+a=2b\)
\(\left(1+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{b}\right)\\ =\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}{abc}\\ =\dfrac{2c.2b.2a}{abc}\\ =\dfrac{8abc}{abc}\\ =8\)
Ta có: a+b+c=0a+b+c=0
\Rightarrow b+a=-c⇒b+a=−c
\Rightarrow c+b=-a⇒c+b=−a
\Rightarrow a+c=-b⇒a+c=−b
Ta có: A=\left(1+\frac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\frac{c}{a}\right)A=(1+
b
a
)(1+
c
b
)(1+
a
c
)
\Rightarrow A=\left(\frac{b+a}{b}\right)\left(\frac{c+b}{c}\right)\left(\frac{a+c}{a}\right)⇒A=(
b
b+a
)(
c
c+b
)(
a
a+c
)
\Rightarrow A=\left(\frac{-c}{b}\right)\left(\frac{-a}{c}\right)\left(\frac{-b}{a}\right)⇒A=(
b
−c
)(
c
−a
)(
a
−b
)
\Rightarrow A=-1⇒A=−1
Ta có: \(b^2=ac\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{2007.b}{2007.c}\)
Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{2007.b}{2007.c}=\dfrac{a+2007.b}{b+2007.c}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{c}=\left(\dfrac{a+2007.b}{b+2007.c}\right)^2\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{\left(a+2007.b\right)^2}{\left(b+2007.c\right)^2}\)
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