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\(VT=\dfrac{a^2}{a+abc}+\dfrac{b^2}{b+abc}+\dfrac{c^2}{c+abc}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c+3abc}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c+\dfrac{1}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)^3}=\dfrac{1^2}{1+\dfrac{1}{9}.1^3}=\dfrac{9}{10}\)
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Với a;b;c dương:
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-\sqrt[3]{abc}.\sqrt[3]{ab.bc.ca}\)
\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right).\dfrac{1}{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Đặt vế trái BĐT là P, ta có:
\(\dfrac{ab}{1-c^2}=\dfrac{ab}{\left(1-c\right)\left(1+c\right)}=\dfrac{ab}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{ab}{\sqrt{a+b}.\sqrt{a+b}\left(a+c+b+c\right)}\)
\(\le\dfrac{ab}{\sqrt[]{2\sqrt[]{ab}}.\sqrt[]{a+b}.2\sqrt[]{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}=\dfrac{\sqrt[4]{\left(ab\right)^3}}{2\sqrt[]{2}.\sqrt[]{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{bc}{1-a^2}\le\dfrac{\sqrt[4]{\left(bc\right)^3}}{2\sqrt[]{2}.\sqrt[]{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\)
\(\dfrac{ca}{1-b^2}\le\dfrac{\sqrt[4]{\left(ca\right)^3}}{2\sqrt[]{2}.\sqrt[]{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\)
Cộng vế:
\(P\le\dfrac{\sqrt[4]{\left(ab\right)^3}+\sqrt[4]{\left(bc\right)^3}+\sqrt[4]{\left(ca\right)^3}}{2\sqrt[]{2}.\sqrt[]{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\)
Nên ta chỉ cần chứng minh:
\(\sqrt[4]{\left(ab\right)^3}+\sqrt[4]{\left(bc\right)^3}+\sqrt[4]{\left(ca\right)^3}\le\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt[]{2}}\sqrt[]{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt[4]{\left(ab\right)^3}+\sqrt[4]{\left(bc\right)^3}+\sqrt[4]{\left(ca\right)^3}\right)^2\le\dfrac{9}{8}\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
Mà \(\dfrac{9}{8}\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Nên ta chỉ cần chứng minh:
\(\left(\sqrt[4]{\left(ab\right)^3}+\sqrt[4]{\left(bc\right)^3}+\sqrt[4]{\left(ca\right)^3}\right)^2\le\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Thật vậy:
\(\left(\sqrt[4]{ab}.\sqrt[]{ab}+\sqrt[4]{bc}.\sqrt[]{bc}+\sqrt[4]{ca}.\sqrt[]{ca}\right)^2\le\left(\sqrt[]{ab}+\sqrt[]{bc}+\sqrt[]{ca}\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\le\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\((a^2+\frac{1}{b^2})(1+4^2)\geq (a+\frac{4}{b})^2\Rightarrow \sqrt{a^2+\frac{1}{b^2}}\geq \frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}(a+\frac{4}{b})\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự với những cái còn lại và cộng theo vế suy ra:
$S\geq \frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}(a+b+c+\frac{4}{a}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{4}{c})$
$\geq \frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}(a+b+c+\frac{36}{a+b+c})$ theo BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz.
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(a+b+c+\frac{9}{4(a+b+c)}\geq 3\)
\(\frac{135}{4(a+b+c)}\geq \frac{135}{4.\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{45}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c+\frac{36}{a+b+c}\geq \frac{51}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow S\geq \frac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
Vậy $S_{\min}=\frac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}$
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\((a^2+\frac{1}{b^2})(1+4^2)\geq (a+\frac{4}{b})^2\Rightarrow \sqrt{a^2+\frac{1}{b^2}}\geq \frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}(a+\frac{4}{b})\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự với những cái còn lại và cộng theo vế suy ra:
$S\geq \frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}(a+b+c+\frac{4}{a}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{4}{c})$
$\geq \frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}(a+b+c+\frac{36}{a+b+c})$ theo BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz.
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(a+b+c+\frac{9}{4(a+b+c)}\geq 3\)
\(\frac{135}{4(a+b+c)}\geq \frac{135}{4.\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{45}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c+\frac{36}{a+b+c}\geq \frac{51}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow S\geq \frac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
Vậy $S_{\min}=\frac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}$
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô si Ta có : \(\dfrac{a}{b^2+1}=a-\dfrac{ab^2}{b^2+1}\ge a-\dfrac{ab^2}{2b}=a-\dfrac{ab}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{b}{c^2+1}=b-\dfrac{c^2b}{c^2+1}\ge b-\dfrac{c^2b}{2c}=b-\dfrac{cb}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{c}{a^2+1}=c-\dfrac{a^2c}{a^2+1}\ge c-\dfrac{a^2c}{2a}=c-\dfrac{ac}{2}\)
Cộng ba vế BĐT lại ta được:
\(\dfrac{a}{b^2+1}+\dfrac{b}{c^2+1}+\dfrac{c}{a^2+1}\ge a+b+c-\left(\dfrac{ab+bc+ac}{2}\right)\)
Ta có đánh giá quen thuộc \(ab+bc+ac\le\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}=\dfrac{9}{3}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b^2+1}+\dfrac{b}{c^2+1}+\dfrac{c}{a^2+1}\ge3-\dfrac{3}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)(ĐPCM)
BĐT tương đương
\(\dfrac{a+c}{b+c}-\dfrac{a}{b}>0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ab+bc-ab-ac}{b\left(b+c\right)}>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)}{b\left(b+c\right)}>0\)\(\Leftrightarrow b-a>0\Leftrightarrow b>a\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< 1\)(đúng vì GT)