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3:
a: =>x=0 hoặc x+5=0
=>x=0 hoặc x=-5
b: =>x^2=4
=>x=2 hoặc x=-2
c: =>(x-5)(2x+1+x+6)=0
=>(x-5)(3x+7)=0
=>x=5 hoặc x=-7/3
1.
a. 2x - 6 > 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 2x > 6
\(\Leftrightarrow\) x > 3
S = \(\left\{x\uparrow x>3\right\}\)
b. -3x + 9 > 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) - 3x > - 9
\(\Leftrightarrow\) x < 3
S = \(\left\{x\uparrow x< 3\right\}\)
c. 3(x - 1) + 5 > (x - 1) + 3
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 3x - 3 + 5 > x - 1 + 3
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 3x - 3 + 5 - x + 1 - 3 > 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 2x > 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) x > 0
S = \(\left\{x\uparrow x>0\right\}\)
d. \(\dfrac{x}{3}-\dfrac{1}{2}>\dfrac{x}{6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x}{6}-\dfrac{3}{6}>\dfrac{x}{6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-3>x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-3-x>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-3>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x>3\)
\(S=\left\{x\uparrow x>3\right\}\)
2.
a.
Ta có: a > b
3a > 3b (nhân cả 2 vế cho 3)
3a + 7 > 3b + 7 (cộng cả 2 vế cho 7)
b. Ta có: a > b
a > b (nhân cả 2 vế cho 1)
a + 3 > b + 3 (cộng cả 2 vế cho 3) (1)
Ta có; 3 > 1
b + 3 > b + 1 (nhân cả 2 vế cho 1b) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\) a + 3 > b + 1
c.
5a - 1 + 1 > 5b - 1 + 1 (cộng cả 2 vế cho 1)
5a . \(\dfrac{1}{5}\) > 5b . \(\dfrac{1}{5}\) (nhân cả 2 vế cho \(\dfrac{1}{5}\) )
a > b
3.
a. 2x(x + 5) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=0\\x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(S=\left\{0,-5\right\}\)
b. x2 - 4 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(S=\left\{0,4\right\}\)
d. (x - 5)(2x + 1) + (x - 5)(x + 6) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(2x+1+x+6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(3x+7\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-5=0\\3x+7=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=\dfrac{-7}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(S=\left\{5,\dfrac{-7}{3}\right\}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta cần chứng minh BĐT phụ sau là : Với x,y>0 thì \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\Leftrightarrow y\left(x+y\right)+x\left(x+y\right)\ge4xy\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng )
dấu = xảy ra <=> x=y
Áp dụng BĐT phụ đó , ta có \(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}\ge\frac{4}{a+b+2}=\frac{4}{3}\)
dấu = xảy ra <=>a=b=1/2
\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}=\frac{b+1+a+1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}=\frac{1+1+1}{ab+a+b+1}=\frac{3}{ab+1+1}\)
\(=\frac{3}{a\left(1-a\right)+2}=\frac{3}{a-a^2+2}=\frac{3}{-\left(a^2-a+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{9}{4}}=\frac{3}{-\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{9}{4}}\)
\(\ge\frac{3}{\frac{9}{4}}=\frac{4}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
em mới học lớp 5 nâng cao ở trường nsl chưa làm được nên đùng hỏi em
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1. Ta có : \(\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}\ge\frac{2}{ab}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{2}{bc}\); \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{2}{ac}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\). Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)a = b = c
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=3\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)=9\)
\(9\le3\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge3\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)a = b = c = 1
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=7\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)=49\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2.\frac{a+b+c}{abc}=49\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=49\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta chứng minh BĐT sau:
\(\dfrac{1}{x^3+x+2}\ge\dfrac{-x^2+3}{8}\) với \(x>0\)
Thật vậy, BĐT tương đương:
\(\left(x^2-3\right)\left(x^3+x+2\right)+8\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x^3+2x^2+x+2\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Áp dụng:
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{-a^2+3}{8}+\dfrac{-b^2+3}{8}+\dfrac{-c^2+3}{8}=\dfrac{9-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{8}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có A=\(\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)-abc\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\)
=\(2\left(a+b+c\right)+\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}-\frac{ab}{c}-\frac{bc}{a}-\frac{ca}{b}=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(A=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)+3ab\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-2ab\right]+6a^2b^2=a^2-ab+b^2+3ab\left(1-2ab\right)+6a^2b^2\)
=\(\left(a+b\right)^2-3ab+3ab-6a^2b^2+6a^2b^2=1\)
2) Ta có \(A=\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)=abc-ab-bc-ca+a+b+c-1=0\)
\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}\ge\frac{4}{a+b+1+1}=\frac{4}{3}\)
1 dòng :)
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}=\frac{a+b+2}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}=\frac{3}{ab+2}\left(1\right)\)
Mà \(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\left(1\ge2\sqrt{ab}\right)\Leftrightarrow ab\le\frac{1}{4}\)
Thay vào \(\left(1\right)\) ta được:
\(\frac{3}{ab+2}\ge\frac{3}{\frac{1}{4}+2}=\frac{3}{\frac{9}{4}}=\frac{4}{3}\)
Hay \(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}\ge\frac{4}{3}\) (Đpcm)