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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có: \(a+b+c=6\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=6^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc=36\)
Mà: \(a^2+b^2+c^2=12\left(1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow12+2ab+2ac+2bc=36\)
\(\Rightarrow2ab+2ac+2bc=24\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+ac+bc=12\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+ac+bc\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=2\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2ac-2bc=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2=0\)
Mà: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\\\left(a-c\right)^2\ge0\forall a,c\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\forall b,c\end{matrix}\right.\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\a-c=0\\b-c=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{6}{3}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\left(2-3\right)^{2023}+\left(2-3\right)^{2023}+\left(2-3\right)^{2023}\\ =\left(-1\right)^{2023}+\left(-1\right)^{2023}+\left(-1\right)^{2023}=-1-1-1=-3\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta chứng minh điều ngược lại đúng mà đây là BĐT Nesbitt tìm trên mạng đầy cách c/m
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(P=\frac{ab}{6-c}+\frac{bc}{6-a}+\frac{ac}{6-b}\)
\(P=\frac{ab}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{b+c}+\frac{ac}{a+c}\)
Ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}ab\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\\bc\le\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{4}\\ac\le\frac{\left(a+c\right)^2}{4}\end{cases}}\)(bđt AM-GM)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{4\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{\left(a+c\right)^2}{4\left(a+c\right)}=\frac{a+b+b+c+a+c}{4}=3\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=2\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)