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tao biết làm bài này từ lớp 7 rồi, lớp 9 cũng hỏi mấy câu này
Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{d}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{d}-\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{d}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{d}-\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{d}-\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{d}\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{d}-\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}}{a+2\sqrt{ad}+d-\left(b+2\sqrt{bc}+c\right)}\)
Mà \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\) \(\Rightarrow ad=bc\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{d}}{a+2\sqrt{bc}+d-b-2\sqrt{bc}-c}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{d}}{a-b-c+d}\)
1. \(\sqrt[3]{8}=2.\)
2. \(A=\sqrt{16a^2}=4\left|a\right|\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}A=4a\left(a\ge0\right)\\A=-4a\left(a< 0\right)\end{matrix}\right..\)
3. \(B=\dfrac{9-2\sqrt{3}}{3\sqrt{6}-2\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{\left(9-2\sqrt{3}\right)\left(3\sqrt{6}+2\sqrt{2}\right)}{\left(3\sqrt{6}\right)^2-\left(2\sqrt{2}\right)^2}=\dfrac{23\sqrt{6}}{46}=\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2}.\)
4. C.
Bài 1:
a)
\(\frac{\sqrt{2.3}+\sqrt{2.7}}{2\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{7}}=\frac{\sqrt{2}(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{7})}{2(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{7})}=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
b)
\(\frac{\sqrt{2}+1}{\sqrt{2}-1}=\frac{(\sqrt{2}+1)^2}{(\sqrt{2}-1)(\sqrt{2}+1)}=\frac{3+2\sqrt{2}}{2-1}=3+2\sqrt{2}\)
Bài 2:
a)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+1}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{3}}=\frac{\sqrt{2}-1}{(\sqrt{2}+1)(\sqrt{2}-1)}+\frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2})(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2})}+\frac{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}}{(\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{3})(\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3})}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}}{2-1}+\frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{3-2}+\frac{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}}{4-3}\)
\(=\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{1}=1\) (đpcm)
b)
\(\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{\frac{4+2\sqrt{3}}{2}}+\sqrt{\frac{4-2\sqrt{3}}{2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{(\sqrt{3}+1)^2}{2}}+\sqrt{\frac{(\sqrt{3}-1)^2}{2}}=\frac{\sqrt{3}+1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{\sqrt{3}-1}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{6}\) (đpcm)
c) Sửa đề:
\(\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}+2}-\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-2}+\frac{4\sqrt{a}-1}{a-4}\right):\frac{1}{a-4}=\left[\frac{a-2\sqrt{a}-(a+2\sqrt{a})}{(\sqrt{a}+2)(\sqrt{a}-2)}+\frac{4\sqrt{a}-1}{a-4}\right].(a-4)\)
\(=\left(\frac{-4\sqrt{a}}{a-4}+\frac{4\sqrt{a}-1}{a-4}\right).(a-4)=-4\sqrt{a}+4\sqrt{a}-1=-1\)
d)
\(\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}{2\sqrt{a}-2\sqrt{b}}-\frac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}{2\sqrt{a}+2\sqrt{b}}-\frac{2b}{b-a}=\frac{(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})^2-(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})^2}{2(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})}+\frac{2b}{a-b}=\frac{4\sqrt{ab}}{2(a-b)}+\frac{2b}{a-b}\)
\(=\frac{2\sqrt{ab}+2b}{a-b}=\frac{2\sqrt{b}(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})}{(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})}=\frac{2\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\)
Ta có : \(ad=bc;a,b,c,d>0\)
\(\Rightarrow2\sqrt{ad}=2\sqrt{bc}\)
Khi đó : \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{d}}\) \(=\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{d}\right)+\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{d}\right)-\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}{\left[\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{d}\right)+\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\right].\left[\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{d}\right)-\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\right]}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{d}-\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{d}\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2}\) \(=\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{d}-\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}}{a+d+2\sqrt{ad}-b-c-2\sqrt{bc}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{d}-\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}}{a+d-b-c}\) ( Do \(2\sqrt{ad}=2\sqrt{bc}\) )