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a) \(1001^2=\left(1000+1\right)^2=1000^2+2.1000.1+1^2=1002001\)
b) \(29,9\times30,1=\left(30-0,1\right).\left(30+0,1\right)=30^2-\left(0,1\right)^2=899,99\)
c) \(\left(31,8\right)^2-2.31,8.21,8+\left(21,8\right)^2=\left(31,8-21,8\right)^2=10^2=100\)
Bài 1
a) \(\left(x+1\right)^3+\left(x-1\right)^3+x^3-3x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=x^3+3x^2+3x+1+x^3-3x^2+3x-1+x^3-3x\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=3x^3+6x-3x^3+3x=9x\)
b) \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\left(a+b-c\right)^2+\left(2a-b\right)^2\)
\(=a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab-2bc-2ca+4a^2-4ab+b^2\)
\(=6a^2+3b^2+2c^2+4ab-4ab=6a^2+3b^2+2c^2\)
Bài 2
a) \(x^2-20x+101=\left(x^2-20x+100\right)+1=\left(x-10\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(< =>\left(x-10\right)^2=0< =>x-10=0< =>x=10\)
b) \(4a^2+4a+2=4\left(a^2+a+\frac{1}{4}\right)+1=4\left(a+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(< =>4\left(a+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0< =>a+\frac{1}{2}=0< =>a=-\frac{1}{2}\)
c) \(x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28=\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+10\left(x-2y\right)+y^2-2y+1+27\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)^2+2.5.\left(x-2y\right)+25+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\)
\(=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(< =>\hept{\begin{cases}y-1=0\\x-2y+5=0\end{cases}< =>\hept{\begin{cases}y=1\\x=-3\end{cases}}}\)
Bài 3
a) \(4x-x^2+3=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+7=-\left(x-2\right)^2+7\le7\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(< =>\left(x-2\right)^2=0< =>x-2=0< =>x=2\)
b) \(x-x^2=-\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{1}{4}=-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}\le\frac{1}{4}\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(< =>\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0< =>x-\frac{1}{2}=0< =>x=\frac{1}{2}\)
a) Ta có : x2 - 20x + 101
= x2 - 20x + 100 + 1
= (x - 10)2 + 1
Mà (x - 10)2 lớn hơn hoặc bằng 0
Nên (x - 10)2 + 1 lớn hơn hoặc bằng 1
=> GTNN của biểu thức là 1 . khi x = 10
b) 4a2+4a+2
=(2a)2+2.2a+1+1
=(2a+1)2+1
Vì (2a+1)2 \(\ge\)0 với mọi x \(\in\)R
=>(2a+1)2+1\(\ge\)1 với mọi x \(\in\)R
dấu "=" xảy ra <=> 2a+1=0 <=> 2a=-1 <=> a= -1/2
a) \(A=x^2+6x+11\)
\(A=x^2+6x+9+2\)
\(A=\left(x+3\right)^2+2\)
Có: \(\left(x+3\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\left(x+3\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi: \(\left(x+3\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x+3=0\Rightarrow x=-3\)
Vậy: \(Min_A=2\) tại \(x=-3\)
b) \(B=4x-x^2+1\)
\(B=-x^2+4x-4+5\)
\(B=-\left(x-2\right)^2+5\)
\(B=5-\left(x-2\right)^2\)
Có: \(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow5-\left(x-2\right)^2\le5\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi: \(\left(x-2\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x-2=0\Rightarrow x=2\)
Vậy: \(Max_B=5\) tại \(x=2\)
a) \(A=x^2-20x+101\)
\(=x^2-2.x.10+10^2+1\)
\(=\left(x-10\right)^2+1\ge1\forall x\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(\left(x-10\right)^2=0\)
=> \(x-10=0\)
=> \(x=10\)
Vậy A min = 1 tại x = 10
b) \(B=4a^2+4a+2\)
\(=\left(2a\right)^2+2.2a.1+1^2+1\)
\(=\left(2a+1\right)^2+1\ge1\forall x\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(\left(2x+1\right)^2=0\)
=> \(2x+1=0\)
=> \(2x=-1\)
=> \(x=\frac{-1}{2}\)
Vậy B min = 1 tại \(x=\frac{1}{2}\)
c) Mình không biết làm mong bạn thông cảm
d)\(D=x^2+2y^2-2xy-4y+5\)
\(=x^2-2xy+y^2+y^2-2.y.2+2^2+1\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+1\ge1\forall x\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(y-2\right)^2=0\\\left(x-y\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y-2=0\\x-y=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=2\\x-2=0\end{cases}}\hept{\begin{cases}y=2\\x=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy D min = 1 tại x = y = 2
\(A=x^2-20x+101\)
\(A=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot10+100+1\)
\(A=\left(x-10\right)^2+1\ge1\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=10\)
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\(B=4a^2+4a+2\)
\(B=4a^2+4a+1+1\)
\(B=\left(2a+1\right)^2+1\ge1\forall a\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{-1}{2}\)
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\(C=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28\)
\(C=x^2-4xy+4y^2+y^2+10x-22y+28\)
\(C=\left(x-2y\right)^2+2\cdot\left(x-2y\right)\cdot5+25+y^2-2y+1+2\)
\(C=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x;y\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y+5=0\\y-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
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\(D=4x-x^2+3\)
\(D=-\left(x^2-4x-3\right)\)
\(D=-\left(x^2-4x+4-7\right)\)
\(D=-\left[\left(x-2\right)^2-7\right]\)
\(D=7-\left(x-2\right)^2\le7\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
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\(E=x-x^2\)
\(E=-\left(x^2-x\right)\)
\(E=-\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4}\right)\)
\(E=-\left[\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{1}{4}\right]\)
\(E=\frac{1}{4}-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\le\frac{1}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\)
a, \(A=x^2-20x+101=x^2-2.x.10+10^2+1\)
\(=\left(x-10\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-10\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=10\)
Vậy : \(A_{min}=1\Leftrightarrow x=10\)
b) \(B=4a^2+4a+2=\left(2a\right)^2+2.2a.1+1^2+1\)
\(=\left(2a+1\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left(2a+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a=-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=-\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy : \(B_{min}=1\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
B1:
a) \(1001^2=\left(1000+1\right)^2\)
\(=1000^2+2.1000+1=1000000+2000+1\)
= \(1002001\)
b) \(29,9.30,1\)
= \(\left(30-0,1\right)\left(30+0,1\right)\)
= \(30^2-0,1^2=900-0,01=899,99\)
c) \(31,8^2-2.31,8.21,8+21,8^2\)
= \(\left(31,8-21,8\right)^2=10^2=100\)
B2:
a) \(x^3+8y^3=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x^2-2xy+4y^2\right)\)
b) \(a^6-b^3=\left(a^2\right)^3-b^3\)
= \(\left(a^2-b\right)\left(a^4+a^2b+b^2\right)\)
c) \(8y^3-125=\left(2y\right)^3-5^3\)
= \(\left(2y-5\right)\left(4y^2+10y+25\right)\)
d) \(8z^3+27=\left(2z\right)^3+3^3\)
= \(\left(2z+3\right)\left(4z^2-6z+9\right)\)
B3:
a) A = \(x^2-20x+101\)
= \(x^2-20x+100+1\)
= \(\left(x-10\right)^2+1\ge1\) với mọi x
MinA = 1 khi và chỉ khi x = 10
b) B = \(4a^2+4a+2\)
= \(4a^2+4a+1+1\)
= \(\left(2a+1\right)^2+1\ge1\) với mọi x
MinB = 1 khi và chỉ khi a = \(-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
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