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\(A=\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{2}{5^3}+.....+\frac{99}{5^{100}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5^2}+......+\frac{99}{5^{99}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5A-A=\left(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5^2}+....+\frac{99}{5^{99}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{2}{5^3}+...+\frac{99}{5^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+......+\frac{1}{5^{99}}-\frac{99}{5^{100}}\)
Đặt : \(H=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+....+\frac{1}{5^{99}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5H=1+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+....+\frac{1}{5^{98}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5H-H=\left(1+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+....+\frac{1}{5^{98}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{99}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4H=1-\frac{1}{5^{99}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow H=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4.5^{99}}< \frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4A< B< \frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< \frac{1}{16}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(3B=1-\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}-\frac{4}{3^3}+...+\frac{99}{3^{98}}-\frac{100}{3^{99}}\)
\(B=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}-\frac{4}{3^4}+...+\frac{99}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4B=3B+B=1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
+ Đặt \(M=1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(3M=3-1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{97}}-\frac{1}{3^{98}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4M=3M+M=3-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{3^{99}\cdot4}\)
\(\Rightarrow4B=M-\frac{100}{3^{100}}=\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{3^{99}\cdot4}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{3}{16}-\frac{1}{3^{99}\cdot16}-\frac{100}{3^{100}\cdot4}\) \(\Rightarrow B< \frac{3}{16}\)
a) \(2A=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}-\frac{1}{2^5}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}-\frac{1}{2^4}+\frac{1}{2^5}-\frac{1}{2^6}\)
\(\Rightarrow3A=2A+A=1-\frac{1}{2^6}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{2^6\cdot3}< \frac{1}{3}\) ( đpcm )
Chứng minh rằng \(D=\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{2}{5^3}+\frac{3}{5^4}+...+\frac{99}{5^{100}}< \frac{1}{16}\)
5A=\(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5^2}...+\frac{n}{5^n}...+\frac{11}{5^{11}}\)
=>4A=5A-A=\(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}...+\frac{1}{5^{11}}-\frac{11}{5^{12}}\)
=>20A=\(1+\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{5^{10}}-\frac{11}{5^{11}}\)
=>16A=20A-4A=\(1-\frac{1}{5^{11}}+\frac{11}{5^{12}}-\frac{11}{5^{11}}\)
Mà \(1-\frac{1}{5^{11}}< 1\),\(\frac{11}{5^{12}}-\frac{11}{5^{11}}< 0\)
=>16A<1
Do đó: A<1/16(đpcm)
a) \(A=\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{1}{5^3}+...+\frac{1}{5^{2019}}\)
\(5A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{2018}}\)
\(4A=5A-A=\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{5^{2019}}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{20}-\frac{1}{4.5^{2019}}< \frac{1}{20}< \frac{1}{2}\)
b) Đề có sai không mà đằng cuối lại là \(\frac{1}{4^2}\)lặp lại lần nữa.
c) \(C=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{16}+\frac{1}{32}-\frac{1}{64}\)
\(2C=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{16}-\frac{1}{32}\)
\(3C=2C+C=1-\frac{1}{64}< 1\)
\(C< \frac{1}{3}\)
d) Xem lại đề nữa đi e, nếu trừ hai vế cho \(\frac{1}{3}\)thì vế trái > 0 > vế phải rồi
e) \(\frac{1}{41}+\frac{1}{42}+...+\frac{1}{50}>\frac{1}{50}+\frac{1}{50}+...+\frac{1}{50}\)(10 số hạng)
\(=\frac{10}{50}=\frac{1}{5}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{52}+...+\frac{1}{60}>\frac{1}{6}\)
\(\frac{1}{61}+\frac{1}{62}+...+\frac{1}{70}>\frac{1}{7}\)
\(\frac{1}{71}+\frac{1}{72}+...+\frac{1}{80}>\frac{1}{8}\)
\(\frac{1}{41}+\frac{1}{42}+...+\frac{1}{80}>\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{8}=\frac{533}{840}>\frac{490}{840}=\frac{7}{12}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{2}{5^3}+\frac{3}{5^4}+...+\frac{99}{5^{100}}\)
\(5A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5^2}+\frac{3}{5^3}+...+\frac{99}{5^{99}}\)
Trừ dưới cho trên:
\(4A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{1}{5^3}+...+\frac{1}{5^{99}}-\frac{99}{5^{100}}\)
\(20A=1+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{98}}-\frac{99}{5^{99}}\)
Lại trừ dưới cho trên:
\(16A=1-\frac{100}{5^{99}}+\frac{99}{5^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{16}-\frac{1}{16.5^{99}}\left(100-\frac{99}{5}\right)< \frac{1}{16}\) do \(100-\frac{99}{5}>0\)