Có bao nhiêu số phức z thỏa \(\left|\dfrac{z+1}{i-z}\right|=1\) và \(\left|\dfrac{z-i}{2+z}\right|=1\)
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-2i\right)z-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{3}{2}i\right)=\left(3-i\right)z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-2i\right)z-\left(3-i\right)z=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{3}{2}i\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(-2-i\right)z=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{3}{2}i\)
\(\Rightarrow z=\dfrac{1-3i}{2\left(-2-i\right)}=\dfrac{1}{10}+\dfrac{7}{10}i\)
\(\Rightarrow A\left(\dfrac{1}{10};\dfrac{7}{10}\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\) tọa độ trung điểm I là \(\left(\dfrac{1}{20};\dfrac{7}{20}\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
đặc \(z=a+bi\) với \(\left(a;b\in R;i^2=-1\right)\)
ta có : \(\left|z-\overline{z}+2i\right|=\left|\dfrac{3}{2}z+\dfrac{1}{2}\overline{z}\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|a+bi-a+bi+2i\right|=\left|\dfrac{3}{2}a+\dfrac{3}{2}bi+\dfrac{1}{2}a-\dfrac{1}{2}bi\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2b+2\right)^2}=\sqrt{\left(2a+b\right)^2}\) \(\Leftrightarrow2b+2=2a+b\Leftrightarrow a=\dfrac{b}{2}+1\)
ta có : \(P=\left|z-3\right|=\left|a+bi-3\right|=\sqrt{\left(a-3\right)^2+b^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{b}{2}+1-3\right)^2+b^2}=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{b}{2}-2\right)^2+b^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\sqrt{\dfrac{5b^2}{4}-2b+4}\ge\sqrt{4-\dfrac{\left(-2\right)^2}{4.\dfrac{5}{4}}}=\dfrac{4\sqrt{5}}{5}\)
dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(b=\dfrac{2}{2.\dfrac{5}{4}}=\dfrac{4}{5}\) và \(a=\dfrac{7}{5}\) \(\Leftrightarrow z=\dfrac{7}{5}+\dfrac{4}{5}i\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
$\text{VT}(1^2+1^2+1^2)\geq (1+\frac{x}{y+z}+1+\frac{y}{x+z}+1+\frac{z}{x+y})^2$
$\Leftrightarrow 3\text{VT}\geq (3+\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{x+z}+\frac{z}{x+y})^2$
$ = \left[3+\frac{x^2}{xy+xz}+\frac{y^2}{yz+yx}+\frac{z^2}{zy+zx}\right]^2$
$\geq \left[3+\frac{(x+y+z)^2}{2(xy+yz+xz)}\right]^2$
$\geq \left[3+\frac{3(xy+yz+xz)}{2(xy+yz+xz)}\right]^2=\frac{81}{4}$
$\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{27}{4}$
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x=y=z>0$