a,b,c > 0 chứng minh: 4a2 + 3b2 + 5c2 lớn hơn hoặc bằng 2(ab + 2bc + 3ca)
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Ta có: a + b + c = 0 nên suy ra: b = – (a + c) thay vào biểu thức:
ab + 2bc + 3ca = -a.(a + c) – 2c.(a + c) + 3ac = -a² – ac – 2ac – 2c² + 3ac = – (a² + 2c²) ≤ 0 (đpcm).
hok tôts
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1.
\(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{\left(a+2b\right)^2+\left(b+2c\right)^2+\left(c+2a\right)^2}{\left(a-2b\right)^2+\left(b-2c\right)^2+\left(c-2a\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2+4b^2+4ab+b^2+4c^2+4bc+c^2+4a^2+4ca}{a^2+4b^2-4ab+b^2+4c^2-4bc+c^2+4a^2-4ca}\)
\(=\dfrac{5\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{5\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-10\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{-10\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-6}{-14}=\dfrac{3}{7}\)
b.
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right)-3abc\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ab+2bc+3ca}{3a^2+4b^2+5c^2}=\dfrac{a^2+2a^2+3a^2}{3a^2+4a^2+5a^2}=\dfrac{6}{12}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có : a + b + c = 0
\( \implies\) b + c = - a ; a + b = - c
Ta có : ab + 2bc + 3ca
= ab + 2bc + ca + 2ca
= ( ab + ca ) + ( 2bc + 2ca )
= a ( b + c ) + 2c ( a + b )
= a ( - a ) + 2c ( - c )
= - a2 - 2c2
= - ( a2 + 2c2 ) ( * )
Mà : a2 \(\geq\) 0 ; 2c2 \(\geq\) 0
\( \implies\) a2 + 2c2 \(\geq\) 0 ( ** )
Từ ( * ) ; ( ** )
\( \implies\) - ( a2 + 2c2 ) \(\leq\) 0
\( \implies\) ab + 2bc + 3ca \(\leq\) 0
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
xí câu 1:))
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có :
\(\frac{x^2}{y-1}+\frac{y^2}{x-1}\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x+y-2}\)(1)
Đặt a = x + y - 2 => a > 0 ( vì x,y > 1 )
Khi đó \(\left(1\right)=\frac{\left(a+2\right)^2}{a}=\frac{a^2+4a+4}{a}=\left(a+\frac{4}{a}\right)+4\ge2\sqrt{a\cdot\frac{4}{a}}+4=8\)( AM-GM )
Vậy ta có đpcm
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a=2 => x=y=2
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Giải:
\(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b+c=-a\\a+b=-c\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+2bc+3ca\)
\(=ab+ca+2bc+2ca\)
\(=a\left(b+c\right)+2c\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=a\left(-a\right)+2c\left(-c\right)\)
\(=-a^2-2c^2\le0\)
Vậy \(ab+2bc+3ca\le0\) (Đpcm)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(ab+2bc+3ac\)
\(=ab+2bc+ac+2ac\)
\(=a\left(b+c\right)+2c\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=-a^2-2b^2\le0\) (đúng)
Dấu "=" khi \(x=y=z=0\)