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Từ a+b+c=6 \(\Rightarrow\)a+b=6-c
Ta có: ab+bc+ac=9\(\Leftrightarrow\)ab+c(a+b)=9
\(\Leftrightarrow\)ab=9-c(a+b)
Mà a+b=6-c (cmt)
\(\Rightarrow\)ab=9-c(6-c)
\(\Rightarrow\)ab=9-6c+c2
Ta có: (b-a)2\(\ge\)0 \(\forall\)b, c
\(\Rightarrow\)b2+a2-2ab\(\ge\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)(b+a)2-4ab\(\ge\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)(a+b)2\(\ge\)4ab
Mà a+b=6-c (cmt)
ab= 9-6c+c2 (cmt)
\(\Rightarrow\)(6-c)2\(\ge\)4(9-6c+c2)
\(\Rightarrow\)36+c2-12c\(\ge\)36-24c+4c2
\(\Rightarrow\)36+c2-12c-36+24c-4c2\(\ge\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)-3c2+12c\(\ge\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)3c2-12c\(\le\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)3c(c-4)\(\le\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)c(c-4)\(\le\)0
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}c\ge0\\c-4\le0\end{cases}}\)hoặc\(\hept{\begin{cases}c\le0\\c-4\ge0\end{cases}}\)
*\(\hept{\begin{cases}c\ge0\\c-4\le0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}c\ge0\\c\le4\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}0\le c\le4}\)
*
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1.
\(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{\left(a+2b\right)^2+\left(b+2c\right)^2+\left(c+2a\right)^2}{\left(a-2b\right)^2+\left(b-2c\right)^2+\left(c-2a\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2+4b^2+4ab+b^2+4c^2+4bc+c^2+4a^2+4ca}{a^2+4b^2-4ab+b^2+4c^2-4bc+c^2+4a^2-4ca}\)
\(=\dfrac{5\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{5\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-10\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{-10\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-6}{-14}=\dfrac{3}{7}\)
b.
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right)-3abc\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ab+2bc+3ca}{3a^2+4b^2+5c^2}=\dfrac{a^2+2a^2+3a^2}{3a^2+4a^2+5a^2}=\dfrac{6}{12}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
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Giải
Giả sử OC \(\ge\) OB (bài toán không mất tính tổng quát)
Dựng C' trên Ox sao cho OC' = OC
Dựng B' trên Oy sao cho OB' = OB
ta được: \(\Delta\)OBB' đều ; \(\Delta\)OCC' đều ; BB'CC' là hình thang cân.
Ta có: BC = BI + IC
B'C' = B'I + IC'
nên BC + B'C' = BI + B'I + IC + IC'
Vậy: 2BC \(\ge\) BB' + CC' hay 2BC \(\ge\) OB + OC
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
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1) Áp dụng HĐT mở rộng :
\(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)=0\)(do a + b + c = 0)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
2 )Vì a;b;c là độ dài 3 cạch của 1 tam giác nên \(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b>c\\a+c>b\\a+b>c\end{cases}}\)(bđt tam giác)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{c}{a+b}< 1\Rightarrow\frac{c}{a+b}< \frac{2c}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b}{a+c}< 1\Rightarrow\frac{b}{a+c}< \frac{2b}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b+c}< 1\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b+c}< \frac{2a}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}< \frac{2a+2b+2c}{a+b+c}=2\)(đpcm)
3 ) \(x^5+y^5\ge x^4y+xy^4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^5+y^5-x^4y-xy^4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x^4-x^3y+x^2y^2-xy^3+y^4\right)-xy\left(x^3+y^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x^4-x^3y+x^2y^2-xy^3+y^4\right)-xy\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x^4-x^3y+x^2y^2-xy^3+y^4-x^3y+x^2y^2-xy^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge0\)(luôn đúng với mọi \(x;y\ne0andx+y\ge0\))
Vậy \(x^5+y^5\ge x^4y+xy^4\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
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Do \(a;b;c\in\left[0;1\right]\Rightarrow\left(1-a\right)\left(1-c\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac+1\ge a+c\)
\(\Rightarrow1+b+ac\ge a+b+c\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{1+b+ac}\le\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{1}{1+c+ab}\le\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{1+a+bc}\le\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(\dfrac{1}{1+b+ca}+\dfrac{1}{1+c+ab}+\dfrac{1}{1+a+bc}\le\dfrac{3}{a+b+c}\) (đpcm)
\(ab+2bc+3ac\)
\(=ab+2bc+ac+2ac\)
\(=a\left(b+c\right)+2c\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=-a^2-2b^2\le0\) (đúng)
Dấu "=" khi \(x=y=z=0\)
\(x=y=z=0?\)