Cho 50g CaCO3 tác dụng hết với dd HCl 20% (D = 1,2g/ml) . Nồng độ % của CaCl2 thu được là?
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nCaCO3=\(\dfrac{50}{100}\)=0,5(mol)
PTHH: CaCO3+2HCl→CaCl2+H2O+CO2↑
Theo PT ta có: nCaCO3=nCaCl2=nCO2=0,5(mol)
Theo PT ta có: nHCl=0,5.21=1(mol)
⇒mddHCl=\(\dfrac{1.36,5}{20\%}\)=182,5(g)
⇒mddsau−pư=mCaCO3+mHCl−mCO2
⇔mddHCl=50+182,5−22=210,5(g)
⇒C%CaCl2=\(\dfrac{0,5.111}{210,5}\).100%≈26,37%
nCaCO3 = 50/100 = 0,5 (mol(
PTHH: CaCO3 + 2HCl -> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
Mol: 0,5 ---> 0,1 ---> 0,5 ---> 0,5 ---> 0,5
mHCl = 1 . 36,5 = 36,5 (g)
mddHCl = 36,5/20% = 182,5 (g)
mCO2 = 0,5 . 44 = 22 (g)
mdd (sau p/ư) = 50 + 182,5 - 22 = 210,5 (g)
mCaCl2 = 0,5 . 111 = 55,5
C%CaCl2 = 55,5/210,5 = 26,36%
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- Nếu X chỉ có CaCO3
n CaCO3 = 20/100 = 0,2(mol)
CaCO3 + 2HCl $\to$ CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
n HCl = 2n CaCO3 = 0,4(mol)
=> mdd HCl = 0,4.36,5/20% = 73(gam)
=> V = 73/1,2 = 60,83(ml)
Nếu X chỉ gồm KHCO3
n KHCO3 = 20/100 = 0,2 mol
KHCO3 + HCl $\to$ KCl + CO2 + H2O
n HCl = n KHCO3 = 0,2 mol
=> mdd HCl = 0,2.36,5/20% = 36,5 gam
=> V = 36,5/1,2 = 30,42(ml)
Vậy : 30,42 < V < 60,83
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Bài 2. Cho 8g Fe2O3 tác dụng vừa đủ với dd HCl 20% (D = 1,1g/ml). Hãy tính: a. Thể tích dd HCl đã dùng b. Nồng độ % dd thu được sau phản ứng
a) \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(n_{HCl}=6n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{20\%}=54,75\left(g\right)\)
=> \(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{m}{D}=\dfrac{54,75}{1,1}=49,77\left(g\right)\)
b) \(m_{ddsaupu}=8+54,75=62,75\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{0,05.2.162,5}{62,75}.100=25,9\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đáp án C
+ n H C l = 2 n C a C l 2 = 2 n C a C O 3 = 0 , 1 m o l ⇒ m dd H C l 20 % = 0 , 1 . 36 , 5 20 % = 18 , 25 g a m
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Đáp án : D
CaCO3 + 2HCl -> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
=> nHCl = 2nCaCO3 = 1 mol
=> mdd HCl = 182,5g
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, PTHH : \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\frac{m}{M}=\frac{10}{100}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=C_M.V=2.0,02=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
- Theo PTHH : \(n_{CaCO_3}=\frac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,04.\frac{1}{2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
=> Sau phản ứng CaCO3 còn dư ( dư \(0,1-0,02=0,08\left(mol\right)\) ), HCl phản ứng hết .
- Theo PTHH : \(n_{CO_2}=\frac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=\frac{1}{2}.0,04=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{CO_2}=n.22,4=0,02.22,4=0,448\left(l\right)\)
b, - Theo PTHH : \(n_{CaCl_2}=\frac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=\frac{1}{2}0,04=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{MCaCl_2}=\frac{n}{V}=\frac{0,02}{0,02}=1\left(M\right)\\C_{MCaCO_3}=\frac{n}{V}=\frac{0,08}{0,02}=4\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
PTHH: \(CaO+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O\) (1)
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\) (2)
a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\Sigma n_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{33,3}{111}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CaO}=0,1mol\\n_{CaCO_3}=0,2mol\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CaO}=0,1\cdot56=5,6\left(g\right)\\m_{CaCO_3}=0,2\cdot100=20\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{hh}=20+5,6=25,6\left(g\right)\)
b) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=0,2mol\\n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=0,4mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{HCl}=0,6mol\) \(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,3}=2\left(M\right)\)
PT: \(CaO+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O\) (1)
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\) (2)
a, Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Sigma n_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{33,3}{111}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT (2): \(n_{CaCl_2}=n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CaCl_2\left(1\right)}=0,3-0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT (1): \(n_{CaO}=n_{CaCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT (2): \(n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_A=m_{CaO}+m_{CaCO_3}=0,1.56+0,2.100=25,6\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT (1) + (2): \(\Sigma n_{HCl}=2n_{CaO}+2n_{CaCO_3}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{ddHCl}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,3}=2M\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{50}{100}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)
Theo PT ta có: \(n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CaCl_2}=n_{CO_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT ta có: \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,5.2}{1}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow mdd_{HCl}=\dfrac{1.36,5}{20\%}=182,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow mdd_{sau-pư}=m_{CaCO_3}+m_{HCl}-m_{CO_2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow mdd_{HCl}=50+182,5-22=210,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{mct}{mdd}.100\%=\dfrac{0,5.111}{210,5}.100\%\approx26,37\%\)