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nCaCO3=\(\dfrac{50}{100}\)=0,5(mol)
PTHH: CaCO3+2HCl→CaCl2+H2O+CO2↑
Theo PT ta có: nCaCO3=nCaCl2=nCO2=0,5(mol)
Theo PT ta có: nHCl=0,5.21=1(mol)
⇒mddHCl=\(\dfrac{1.36,5}{20\%}\)=182,5(g)
⇒mddsau−pư=mCaCO3+mHCl−mCO2
⇔mddHCl=50+182,5−22=210,5(g)
⇒C%CaCl2=\(\dfrac{0,5.111}{210,5}\).100%≈26,37%
nCaCO3 = 50/100 = 0,5 (mol(
PTHH: CaCO3 + 2HCl -> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
Mol: 0,5 ---> 0,1 ---> 0,5 ---> 0,5 ---> 0,5
mHCl = 1 . 36,5 = 36,5 (g)
mddHCl = 36,5/20% = 182,5 (g)
mCO2 = 0,5 . 44 = 22 (g)
mdd (sau p/ư) = 50 + 182,5 - 22 = 210,5 (g)
mCaCl2 = 0,5 . 111 = 55,5
C%CaCl2 = 55,5/210,5 = 26,36%
- Nếu X chỉ có CaCO3
n CaCO3 = 20/100 = 0,2(mol)
CaCO3 + 2HCl $\to$ CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
n HCl = 2n CaCO3 = 0,4(mol)
=> mdd HCl = 0,4.36,5/20% = 73(gam)
=> V = 73/1,2 = 60,83(ml)
Nếu X chỉ gồm KHCO3
n KHCO3 = 20/100 = 0,2 mol
KHCO3 + HCl $\to$ KCl + CO2 + H2O
n HCl = n KHCO3 = 0,2 mol
=> mdd HCl = 0,2.36,5/20% = 36,5 gam
=> V = 36,5/1,2 = 30,42(ml)
Vậy : 30,42 < V < 60,83
PTHH: \(CaO+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O\) (1)
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\) (2)
a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\Sigma n_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{33,3}{111}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CaO}=0,1mol\\n_{CaCO_3}=0,2mol\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CaO}=0,1\cdot56=5,6\left(g\right)\\m_{CaCO_3}=0,2\cdot100=20\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{hh}=20+5,6=25,6\left(g\right)\)
b) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=0,2mol\\n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=0,4mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{HCl}=0,6mol\) \(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,3}=2\left(M\right)\)
PT: \(CaO+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O\) (1)
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\) (2)
a, Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Sigma n_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{33,3}{111}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT (2): \(n_{CaCl_2}=n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CaCl_2\left(1\right)}=0,3-0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT (1): \(n_{CaO}=n_{CaCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT (2): \(n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_A=m_{CaO}+m_{CaCO_3}=0,1.56+0,2.100=25,6\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT (1) + (2): \(\Sigma n_{HCl}=2n_{CaO}+2n_{CaCO_3}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{ddHCl}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,3}=2M\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
ta có 200cm3=0,2 lítn hcl=2*0,2=0,4 molgọi số mol của caco3 là a,na2co3 là bcaco3 + 2hcl -> cacl2 + co2 + h2oa(mol)---2a(mol)--a-------a--------ana2co3 + 2hcl -> 2nacl + co2 + h2ob(mol)---2b(mol)---2b-------b------bta có100a+106b=20,62a+2b=0,4=> a=b=0,1 mol=> m caco3=10g; m na2co3=10,6 g
PTHH: \(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\) (1)
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\) (2)
a) Ta có: \(\Sigma n_{HCl}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi số mol của Na2CO3 là \(a\) \(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=2a\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi số mol của CaCO3 là \(b\) \(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=2b\left(mol\right)\)
Ta lập được hệ phương trình:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a+2b=0,4\\106a+100b=20,6\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CaCO_3}=0,1\cdot100=10\left(g\right)\\m_{Na_2CO_3}=10,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Theo PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaCl}=2n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,2mol\\n_{CaCl_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,1mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaCl}=0,2\cdot58,5=11,7\left(g\right)\\m_{CaCl_2}=0,1\cdot111=11,1\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CO_2}=0,2\cdot44=8,8\left(g\right)\\m_{ddHCl}=200\cdot1,2=240\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd\left(saup/ư\right)}=m_{hh}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{CO_2}=251,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{11,7}{251,8}\cdot100\%\approx4,65\%\\C\%_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{11,1}{251,8}\cdot100\%\approx4,41\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(CuCl_2+H_2S\rightarrow CuS+2HCl\)
\(m_{dd_{CuCl2}}=3,38.50=169\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CuCl2}=\frac{169.20\%}{135}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H2S}=\frac{50.20,4\%}{34}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Suy ra H2S dư
\(n_{CuS}=n_{CuCl2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,25.2=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{dd_{Spu}}=169+50-0,25.96=195\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{HCl}=\frac{0,5.36,5}{195}.100\%=9,36\%\)
Câu 1 :
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{7,3}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CaCO3}=\dfrac{15}{100}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O|\)
1 2 1 1 1
0,15 0,2 0,1
Lập tỉ số so sánh : \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{2}\)
⇒ CaCO3 dư , Hcl phản ứng hết
⇒ Tính toán dựa vào số mol của Hcl
\(n_{CO2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{CO2\left(dktc\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi số mol Al, Fe là a, b (mol)
=> 27a + 56b = 11 (1)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
a--->3a---------------->1,5a
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b-->2b------------------>b
=> 1,5a + b = 0,4 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,2; b = 0,1
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{11}.100\%=49,09\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{11}.100\%=50,91\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) mdd NaOH = 1,2.25 = 30 (g)
=> \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{30.25\%}{100}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: NaOH + HCl --> NaCl + H2O
0,075-->0,075
=> nHCl = 0,075 + 0,6 + 0,2 = 0,875 (mol)
=> \(C_{M\left(ddHCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,875}{0,5}=1,75M\)
$a)PTHH:M+2HCl\to MCl_2+H_2$
$n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6(mol)$
Theo PT: $n_M=n_{H_2}=0,6(mol)$
$\Rightarrow M_M=\dfrac{14,4}{0,6}=24(g/mol)$
Vậy M là Mg
$b)m_{dd_{HCl}}=182,5.1,2=219(g)$
Theo PT: $n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,6(mol)$
$\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,6.95}{14,4+219-0,6.2}.100\%=24,55\%$
\(n_{hhk}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi x là số mol Ca
y là số mol CaCO3
\(Ca+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2\)
x..........2x...........x.............x
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\)
y...................2y............y........................y
Ta có x+y =0,3
Mặt khác ta lại có x:y=1:1
=> x=y=0,15
=>m=0,15.40+0,15.100=21(g)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,3+0,3\right).36,5}{14,6\%}=150\left(g\right)\)
mdd sau phản ứng = m + mddHCl-mkhí = 21 +150 - (0,15.2 + 0,15.44) = 164,1 (g)
=> \(C\%_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{\left(0,15+0,15\right).111}{164,1}.100=20,29\%\)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{50}{100}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)
Theo PT ta có: \(n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CaCl_2}=n_{CO_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT ta có: \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,5.2}{1}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow mdd_{HCl}=\dfrac{1.36,5}{20\%}=182,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow mdd_{sau-pư}=m_{CaCO_3}+m_{HCl}-m_{CO_2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow mdd_{HCl}=50+182,5-22=210,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{mct}{mdd}.100\%=\dfrac{0,5.111}{210,5}.100\%\approx26,37\%\)