cmr 1/a^2+2a + 1/b^2+2 b + căn (1+a^2)(1+b^2) >= 21/4
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Có: a + b = ab \(\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\)
=> a + b \(\ge4\)
\(\frac{1}{a^2+2a}+\frac{1}{b^2+2b}+\sqrt{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)}\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{a^2+b^2+2\left(a+b\right)}+\sqrt{\left(1+ab\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{4}{a^2+b^2+2ab}+\left(1+a+b\right)=\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\left(a+b\right)+1\)
\(=\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{a+b}{4^2}+\frac{a+b}{4^2}+\frac{7}{8}\left(a+b\right)+1\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}.\frac{a+b}{4^2}.\frac{a+b}{4^2}}+\frac{7}{8}.4+1=\frac{3}{4}+\frac{7}{2}+1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = 2
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1.
\(\left(1+a\right)^2=\left(1.1+\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}.\sqrt{ab}\right)^2\le\left(1+\frac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+ab\right)=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(1+a\right)^2}\ge\frac{b}{\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)}\)
\(\left(1+b\right)^2\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)}{a}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(1+b\right)^2}\ge\frac{a}{\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(1+a\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(1+b\right)^2}\ge\frac{a}{\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)}+\frac{b}{\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)}=\frac{1}{1+ab}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=1\)
2.
\(P=\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{a^4+3}}+\sqrt{\frac{b^2}{b^4+3}}\le\sqrt{2\left(\frac{a^2}{a^4+3}+\frac{b^2}{b^4+3}\right)}\)
Đặt \(\left(a^2;b^2\right)=\left(x;y\right)\Rightarrow xy=1\)
\(Q=\frac{x}{x^2+3}+\frac{y}{y^2+3}=\frac{x}{x^2+3}+\frac{x}{3x^2+1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}\)
\(Q=\frac{-\left(x-1\right)^2\left(3x^2-2x+3\right)}{2\left(x^2+3\right)\left(3x^2+1\right)}+\frac{1}{2}\le\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\sqrt{2Q}\le1\)
\(P_{max}=1\) khi \(a=b=1\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki:
\(\left(1^2+4^2\right)\left(a^2+\frac{1}{b^2}\right)\ge\left(1.a+4.\frac{1}{b}\right)^2\)\(\Rightarrow a^2+\frac{1}{b^2}\ge\frac{1}{17}\left(a+\frac{4}{b}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a^2+\frac{1}{b^2}}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(a+\frac{4}{b}\right)\)
Tương tự, ta có: \(\sqrt{b^2+\frac{1}{c^2}}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(b+\frac{4}{c}\right)\)
và \(\sqrt{c^2+\frac{1}{a^2}}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(c+\frac{4}{a}\right)\)
Cộng từng vế của các BĐT trên, ta được:
\(P\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(a+b+c+\frac{4}{a}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\right)\)\(\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(a+b+c+\frac{36}{a+b+c}\right)\)(svac - xơ)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left[\left(a+b+c\right)+\frac{9}{4\left(a+b+c\right)}+\frac{135}{4\left(a+b+c\right)}\right]\ge\frac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
Vậy \(P=\sqrt{a^2+\frac{1}{b^2}}\)\(+\sqrt{b^2+\frac{1}{c^2}}\)\(+\sqrt{c^2+\frac{1}{a^2}}\ge\frac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=2\))
Bài em làm ok rồi nhưng mà dấu bằng xảy ra bị sai. Em kiểm tra lại!๖²⁴ʱČøøℓ ɮøү 2к⁷༉
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có: a + b + c = 2 nên \(2c+ab=c\left(a+b+c\right)+ab=ac+bc+c^2+ab\)
\(=\left(ca+c^2\right)+\left(bc+ab\right)=c\left(a+c\right)+b\left(a+c\right)\)\(=\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 2 số không âm:
\(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\)(Vì a,b,c thực dương)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{2c+ab}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)\)(cmt)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{\sqrt{ab+2c}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{ab}{b+c}+\frac{ab}{a+c}\right)\)(nhân 2 vế cho ab thực dương) (1)
(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{b+c}=\frac{1}{c+a}\Leftrightarrow b+c=c+a\Leftrightarrow a=b\))
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{bc}{\sqrt{bc+2a}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{bc}{b+a}+\frac{bc}{a+c}\right)\)(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow b=c\)) (2)
\(\frac{ca}{\sqrt{ca+2b}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{ca}{c+b}+\frac{ca}{b+a}\right)\)(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow a=c\)) (3)
Cộng các BĐT (1) , (2) , (3), ta được:
\(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{ab}{c+a}+\frac{ab}{c+b}+\frac{bc}{b+a}+\frac{cb}{c+a}+\frac{ac}{b+a}+\frac{ac}{c+b}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{b\left(c+a\right)}{c+a}+\frac{a\left(c+b\right)}{c+b}+\frac{c\left(b+a\right)}{b+a}\right)\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)=1\)
Vậy \(P=\frac{ab}{\sqrt{ab+2c}}\)\(+\frac{bc}{\sqrt{bc+2a}}\)\(+\frac{ca}{\sqrt{ca+2b}}\le1\)
(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\))
Ta có:
\(\frac{ab}{\sqrt{ab+2c}}=\frac{ab}{\sqrt{ab+\left(a+b+c\right)c}}=\frac{ab}{\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\le\frac{ab}{c+a}+\frac{ab}{c+b}\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{bc}{\sqrt{bc+2a}}\le\frac{bc}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{a+c}\)
\(\frac{ca}{\sqrt{ca+2b}}\le\frac{ca}{b+c}+\frac{ca}{b+a}\)
Khi đó:
\(P\le\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{ab}{c+b}+\frac{bc}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{a+c}+\frac{ca}{b+c}+\frac{ca}{b+a}\)
\(=\frac{b\left(a+c\right)}{a+c}+\frac{a\left(b+c\right)}{b+c}+\frac{c\left(a+b\right)}{b+a}\)
\(=a+b+c=2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại \(a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Xét \(\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}\) = \(\sqrt{\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)-3ab}\) = \(\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)^2-3ab}\)
>= \(\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)^2-\frac{3}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2}\)( bđt ab <= (a+b)^2/4) = 1/2 (a+b)
Tương tự căn (b^2-bc+c^2) >= 1/2(b+c) ; (c^2-ca+a^2) >= 1/2 (c+a)
=> B >= 1/2 . (a+b+b+c+c+a) = 1/2 . 2 . (a+b+c) = 1 => ĐPCM
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1/3