Chứng minh: \(\left(4^n+6n-1\right)⋮9\) với \(n\in N;n\ge1\)
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Bn có sai ko? Hay đề là tìm n để Biểu thức \(⋮\) 2
Ta có: \(\left(3n+5\right)\left(2n-10\right)=2\left(n-5\right)\left(3n+5\right)\) \(⋮\) 2
=> Theo đề bài phải c/m: \(\left(6n+1\right)\left(n+5\right)\) \(⋮\) 2 (*)
Xét n là số lẻ => \(\left(6n+1\right)\left(n+5\right)\) là số chẳn => Biểu thức \(⋮\) 2
Xét n là số chẳn => \(\left(6n+1\right)\left(n+5\right)\) là số lẻ => \(⋮̸\) 2
=> Để (6n+1)(n+5)−(3n+5)(2n−10) \(⋮\) 2 thì n là số lẻ, n\(\in Z\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\dfrac{1}{2.5}+\dfrac{1}{5.8}+\dfrac{1}{8.11}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(3n-1\right)\left(3n+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{3}{2.5}+\dfrac{3}{5.8}+\dfrac{3}{8.11}+...+\dfrac{3}{\left(3n-1\right)\left(3n+2\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{8}+...+\dfrac{1}{3n-1}-\dfrac{1}{3n+2}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3n+2}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{3n+2}{6n+4}-\dfrac{2}{6n+4}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}.\dfrac{3n}{6n+4}\)
\(=\dfrac{n}{6n+4}\) ( đpcm )
Vậy...
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6n+9\(⋮\)4n-1 ->4.(6n+9)\(⋮\)4n-1
->24n+36\(⋮\)4n-1
->24n-6+42\(⋮\)4n-1
->6(4n-1)+42\(⋮\)4n-1
->4n-1 thuoc uoc cua 42 ma n\(\supseteq\)1 nen 4n-1\(\supseteq\)3
4n-1 | 3 | 6 | 7 | 21 | 42 |
n | 1 | 7/4 | 2 | 11/2 | 43/4 |
ma n laf so tu nhien nen n=1,2
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a,
\(\left(n^2+3n-1\right)\left(n+2\right)-n^3+2\\ =\left(n^2+3n-1\right)n+\left(n^2+3n-1\right)2-n^3+2\\ =n^3+3n^2-n+2n^2+6n-2-n^3+2\\ =5n^2+5n\\ =5\cdot\left(n^2+n\right)⋮5\\ \RightarrowĐpcm\)
b,
\(\left(6n+1\right)\left(n+5\right)-\left(3n+5\right)\left(2n-1\right)\\ =\left(6n+1\right)n+\left(6n+1\right)5-\left(3n+5\right)2n-\left(3n+5\right)\\ =6n^2+n+30n+5-6n^2-10n-3n-5\\ =18n⋮2\\ \RightarrowĐpcm\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A=n^3+\left(n+1\right)^3+\left(n+2\right)^3\)
\(=n^3+n^3+3n^2+3n+1+n^3+12n+6n^2+8\)
\(=3n^3+9n^2+15n+9\)
\(=3\left(n^3+5n\right)+9\left(n^2+1\right)\)
Ta thấy \(n^3+5n=n^3-n+6n=\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)+6n\)
Vì \(\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)\) là tích 3 số nguyên liên tiếp nên \(\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)⋮3\) và \(6n⋮3\) với n nguyên
\(\Rightarrow n^3+5n⋮3\Rightarrow3\left(n^3+5n\right)⋮9\)
Mà \(9\left(n^2+1\right)⋮9\forall n\in Z\) nên \(3\left(n^3+5n\right)+9\left(n^2+1\right)⋮9\)
Hay \(A⋮9\) (đpcm)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đặt A=1/2.5+1/5.8+...+1/(3n-1).(3n+2)
=>3A=3/2.5+3/5.8+...+3/(3n-1).(3n+2)
=>3A=1/2-1/5+1/5-1/8+...+1/3n-1-1/3n+2
=>3A=1/2-1/3n+2
=>3A=(3n+2-2)/[2.(3n+2)]
=>3A=3n/6n+4
=>A=3n/6n+4/3
=>A=n/6n+4
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{2.5}+\frac{1}{5.8}+\frac{1}{8.11}+......+\frac{1}{\left(3n-1\right)\left(3n+2\right)}\)
\(=>3A=\frac{3}{2.5}+\frac{3}{5.8}+\frac{3}{8.11}+....+\frac{3}{\left(3n-1\right)\left(3n+2\right)}\)
=> \(3A=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{8}+....+\frac{1}{3n-1}-\frac{1}{3n+2}\)
=>\(3A=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3n+2}\)
=> \(3A=\frac{\left(3n+2\right):2}{3n+2}-\frac{1}{3n+2}\)
=> \(3A=\frac{1,5.n}{3n+2}\)
=>\(A=\frac{1,5.n}{3n+2}.\frac{1}{3}=>A=\frac{1,5.n}{\left(3n+2\right).3}=\frac{1,5.n}{9n+6}\)
\(Hay\) \(A=\frac{1,5n:1,5}{\left(9n+6\right):1,5}=\frac{n}{9n:1,5+6:1,5}=\frac{n}{6n + 4} \left(đpcm\right)\)
Mệnh đề đúng với \(n=1\) vì \(4^1+6.1-1=9\).
- Giả sử \(\left(4^k+6k-1\right)⋮9\). Ta chứng minh:
\(\left[4^{k+1}+6\left(k+1\right)-1\right]⋮9\)
Ta có:
\(4^{k+1}+6\left(k+1\right)-1\)
\(=4.4^k+6k+6-1\)
\(=\left(4^k+6k-1\right)+3.4^k+6\)
\(=\left(4^k+6k-1\right)+3\left(4^k+2\right)\)
Đặt \(A=4^k+6k-1\) và \(B=3\left(4^k+2\right)\)
Theo giả thiết quy nạp thì \(A⋮9\)
Do \(4:3=1\) (dư 1) \(\Rightarrow4^k:3\) dư \(1\Rightarrow\left(4^k+2\right)⋮3\Rightarrow B⋮9\)
Lại có \(\left[4^{k+1}+6\left(k+1\right)-1\right]⋮9\)
Vậy mệnh đề đúng với mọi \(n\in N;n\ge1\)
Hồng Phúc Nguyễn Phạm Ngân Hà