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b, \(\left(x-y\right)^3+\left(y-z\right)^3+\left(z-x\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x-y\right)-\left(y-z\right)^2\left[\left(x-y\right)+\left(z-x\right)\right]+\left(z-x\right)^2\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x-y\right)-\left(y-z\right)^2\left(x-y\right)-\left(y-z\right)^2\left(z-x\right)+\left(z-x\right)^2\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(y-z\right)^2\right]-\left(z-x\right)\left[\left(y-z\right)^2-\left(z-x\right)^2\right]\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y-y+z\right)\left(x-y+y-z\right)-\left(z-x\right)\left(y-z-z+x\right)\left(y-z+z-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-2y+z\right)\left(x-z\right)-\left(z-x\right)\left(y-2z+x\right)\left(y-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-2y+z\right)\left(x-z\right)-\left(x-z\right)\left(y-2z+x\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(x-2y+z-y+2z-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(3z-3y\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(z-y\right)\)
c, \(x^2y^2\left(y-x\right)+y^2z^2\left(z-y\right)-z^2x^2\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=x^2y^2\left(y-x\right)-y^2z^2\left[\left(y-x\right)-\left(z-x\right)\right]-z^2x^2\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=x^2y^2\left(y-x\right)-y^2z^2\left(y-x\right)+y^2z^2\left(z-x\right)-z^2x^2\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2y^2-y^2z^2\right)\left(y-x\right)+\left(y^2z^2-z^2x^2\right)\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=y^2\left(x-z\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(y-x\right)+z^2\left(y-x\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=y^2\left(x-z\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(y-x\right)-z^2\left(y-x\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left[y^2\left(x+z\right)-z^2\left(x+y\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left(y^2x+y^2z-z^2x-z^2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left[x\left(y^2-z^2\right)+yz\left(y-z\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left[x\left(y-z\right)\left(y+z\right)+yz\left(y-z\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(xy+xz+yz\right)\)
d, \(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xyz-3xy\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)z+z^2\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz+z^2-3xy\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz\right)\)
\(\dfrac{x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz}{xy^2+xz\left(2y+z\right)}.\dfrac{x\left(x+y\right)+y\left(x-xy\right)}{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(x-z\right)^2}\\ =\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-xz-yz\right)}{xy^2+2xyz+x^2z}.\dfrac{x^2+xy-xy-xy^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}\\ =\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]}{2xy^2+4xyz+2x^2z}.\dfrac{x^2-xy^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-z\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2}\\ =\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2-xy\right)}{2xy^2+4xy+2x^2z}\)
@@ ko ra nữa
Áp dụng hđt: \(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz\right)\)Ta có: \(x^3+y^3+3xyz=z^3\Leftrightarrow x^3+y^3+3xyz-z^3=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy+xz+yz\right)=0\)
Th1: \(x+y-z=0\Leftrightarrow x+y=z\Rightarrow z^3=\left(2x+2y\right)^2=4z^2\Leftrightarrow z=4\)(do z là số nguyen dương)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=4\)\(\Rightarrow\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(1,3\right)\left(2,2\right)\left(3,1\right)\right\}\)
\(TH2:x^2+y^2+z^2-xy+xz+yz=0\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x+z\right)^2+\left(y+z\right)^2}{2}=0\)(loại vì x,y,z nguyên dương nên VT>0 )
Vậy...
Đây mới lớp 8 thôi mà mày làm như này thì tao cx k dám đọc .-.
$$P=\sum\limits_{cyc} \frac{yz}{x^3(z+2y)} =\sum\limits_{cyc} \,{\frac {3{y}^{2}{z}^{2}}{{x}^{2} \left( z+2\,y \right) \left( x+y+z
\right) }}$$
Cho $x=y=z$ thì thấy $\text{P}=1.$ Ta chứng minh 1 là giá trị nhỏ nhất của P tức là chứng minh $$\text{P}=\sum\limits_{cyc} \,{\frac {3{y}^{2}{z}^{2}}{{x}^{2} \left( z+2\,y \right) \left( x+y+z
\right) }} \geqq 1$$
Thật vậy sau khi quy đồng ta cần chứng minh$:$
$$\frac{1}{2} \sum\limits_{cyc} \,x{z}^{3} \left( 7\,{x}^{2}yz+12\,{x}^{2}{z}^{2}+23\,x{y}^{3}+7\,x
{y}^{2}z+30\,xy{z}^{2}+17\,{y}^{2}{z}^{2} \right) \left( x-y \right)
^{2} \geqq 0$$
Xong.
Bài làm:
Ta có: \(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)+z^3-3xyz\)
\(=\left[\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3\right]-\left[3xy\left(x+y\right)+3xyz\right]\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)z+z^2\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-zx-yz+z^2-3xy\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)\)
và
\(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\)
\(=x^2-2xy+y^2+y^2-2yz+z^2+z^2-2zx+x^2\)
\(=2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)\)
Từ đó thay vào P rút ra:
\(P=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)}=\frac{2020}{2}=1010\)
Vậy P = 1010
