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Theo bất đẳng thức Cô-Si \(a^2+\frac{1}{4}\ge a,b^2+\frac{1}{4}\ge b\to\left(a^2+b+\frac{3}{4}\right)\left(b^2+a+\frac{3}{4}\right)\)
\(\ge\left(a+b+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(a+b+\frac{1}{2}\right)=\left(a+b+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\) Dấu bằng xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}.\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức quen thuộc \(\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy,\) với \(x=a+\frac{1}{4},y=b+\frac{1}{4}\) ta được
\(\left(a+b+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=\left(a+\frac{1}{4}+b+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2\ge4\left(a+\frac{1}{4}\right)\left(b+\frac{1}{4}\right)=\left(2a+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(2b+\frac{1}{2}\right).\) Dấu bằng xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a+\frac{1}{4}=b+\frac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow a=b.\)
Vậy vế trái lớn hơn hoặc bằng vế phải. Do đó mà các dấu bằng xảy ra, từ đây ta được \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}.\)
\(\frac{b\left(2a-b\right)}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c\left(2b-c\right)}{b\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{a\left(2c-a\right)}{c\left(a+b\right)}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[2-\frac{b\left(2a-b\right)}{a\left(b+c\right)}\right]+\left[2-\frac{c\left(2b-c\right)}{b\left(c+a\right)}\right]+\left[2-\frac{a\left(2c-a\right)}{c\left(a+b\right)}\right]\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b^2+2ca}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c^2+2ab}{b\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{a^2+2bc}{c\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Schwarz, ta có :
\(\frac{b^2}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c^2}{b\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{a^2}{c\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a\left(b+c\right)+b\left(c+a\right)+c\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\)( 1 )
\(\frac{ac}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{ab}{b\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{bc}{c\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{c^2}{c\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{a^2}{a\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{b^2}{b\left(a+b\right)}\) ( 2 )
\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ac}\)
Cộng ( 1 ) với ( 2 ), ta được :
\(\frac{b^2+2ca}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c^2+2ab}{b\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{a^2+2bc}{c\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\left(\frac{1}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}+\frac{2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ac}\right)\)
\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\left(\frac{\left(1+2\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)+2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ac\right)}\right)=\frac{9}{2}\)
không biết cách này ổn không
Ta có : \(\frac{b\left(2a-b\right)}{a\left(b+c\right)}=\frac{2-\frac{b}{a}}{\frac{c}{b}+1}\) ; tương tự :...
đặt \(\frac{a}{c}=x;\frac{b}{a}=y;\frac{c}{b}=z\Rightarrow xyz=1\)
\(\Sigma\frac{2-y}{z+1}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\Sigma xy^2+2\Sigma x^2+\Sigma xy\ge3\Sigma x+6\)( quy đồng khử mẫu )
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma\frac{x}{y}\ge\Sigma x\)( xyz = 1 ) ( luôn đúng )
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\((2a+\frac{1}{2})(2b+\frac{1}{2})=(a^2+\frac{1}{4}+b+\frac{1}{2})(b^2+\frac{1}{4}+a+\frac{1}{2})\)
\(\geq (a+b+\frac{1}{2})(b+a+\frac{1}{2})\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 4ab+a+b+\frac{1}{4}\geq a^2+b^2+a+b+2ab+\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2-2ab\leq 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (a-b)^2\leq 0\)
Mà $(a-b)^2\geq 0, \forall a,b>0$
Do đó $(a-b)^2=0$
$\Rightarrow a=b$
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a^2=b^2=\frac{1}{4}$
$\Rightarrow a=b=\frac{1}{2}$ (do $a,b>0$)
\(3\left(2a^2+b^2\right)=\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(a^2+a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+a+b\right)^2=\left(2a+b\right)^2\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{2a+b}+\frac{1}{2b+c}+\frac{1}{2c+a}\)
\(\frac{1}{2a+b}=\frac{1}{a+a+b}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)=\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{2}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{1}{b};\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\)
\(gt\rightarrow7\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=6\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+2015\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7\left(x+y+z\right)^2=20\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+2015\)
Ta có: \(3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\le\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow7\left(x+y+z\right)^2\le\frac{20}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2+2015\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2\le2015\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\le\sqrt{6045}\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)\le\frac{\sqrt{6045}}{3}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{\sqrt{6045}}{3}\)hay \(a=b=c=\left(\frac{\sqrt{6045}}{3}\right)^{-1}\)
Ta có: \(a^2+b+\frac{3}{4}=a^2+\frac{1}{4}+b+\frac{1}{2}\ge a+b+\frac{1}{2}\)
Và \(b^2+a+\frac{3}{4}\ge a+b+\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow(a^2+b+\frac{3}{4})(b^2+a+\frac{3}{4})\ge(a+b+\frac{1}{2})^2\)
Cần chứng minh \((a+b+\frac{1}{2})^2\ge\left(2a+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(2b+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+\frac{1}{4}+a+b+2ab\ge4ab+a+b+\frac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow(a-b)^2\ge0\)
BDT cuối đúng hay \(VT\ge VP\)
Nên xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)