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1) \(x^2-x-y^2-y=\left(x^2-y^2\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-1\right)\)
\(x^2-2xy+y^2-z^2=\left(x-y\right)^2-z^2=\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-y+z\right)\)
2)\(5x-5y+ax-ay=5\left(x-y\right)+a\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(a+5\right)\)
\(a^3-a^2x-ay+xy=a^2\left(a-x\right)-y\left(a-x\right)=\left(a-x\right)\left(a^2-y\right)\)
x2 - x - y2 - y
= (x - y)(x + y) - (x + y)
= (x + y)(x - y - 1)
***
9x2 + y2 - 16z2 + 6xy
= (3x + y)2 - (4z)2
= (3x + y - 4z)(3x + y + 4z)
***
a3 - a2x - ay + xy
= a2(a - x) - y(a - x)
= (a - x)(a2 - y)
***
2x2 - 8y2 + 3x + 6y
= 2(x2 - 4y2) + 3(x + 2y)
= 2(x - 2y)(x + 2y) + 3(x + 2y)
= (x + 2y)(2x - 4y + 3)
***
xy(x + y) + yz(y + z) + xz(x + z) + 2xyz
= xy(x + y + z) + yz(x + y + z) + xz(x + z)
= y(x + y + z)(x + z) + xz(x + z)
= (x + z)(xy + y2 + yz + xz)
= (x + z)[y(x + y) + z(x + y)]
= (x + z)(x + y)(y + z)
\(xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+xz\left(x+z\right)+2xyz\)
\(=xy\left(x+y\right)+xyz+xz\left(x+z\right)+xyz+yz\left(y+z\right)\)
\(=xy\left(x+y+z\right)+xz\left(x+y+z\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)\)
\(=x\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y+z\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)\)
\(=x\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y+z+yz\right)\)
a) \(5x-5y+ax-ay\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(5x+ax\right)-\left(5y+ay\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x\left(5+a\right)-y\left(5+a\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(5+a\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
a, \(xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+xz\left(x+z\right)+2xyz\)\(=x^2y+xy^2+y^2z+yz^2+x^2z+xz^2+2xyz\)
\(=\left(x^2y+xy^2+xyz\right)+\left(x^2z+xz^2+xyz\right)+\left(y^2z+yz^2\right)\)
\(=xy\left(x+y+z\right)+xz\left(x+z+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)\)
\(=x\left(x+y+z\right)\left(y+z\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)\left(x^2+xy+xz+yz\right)\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)\left[x\left(x+z\right)+y\left(x+z\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
b, \(2x^2+2y^2-x^2z+z-y^2z-2\)
\(=\left(2x^2-x^2z\right)+\left(2y^2-y^2z\right)-\left(2-z\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(2-z\right)+y^2\left(2-z\right)-\left(2-z\right)\)
\(=\left(2-z\right)\left(x^2+y^2-1\right)\)
c) xét giá trị riêng
\(xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+xz\left(x+z\right)+2xyz\)
\(=xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+xz\left(x+z\right)+xyz+xyz\)
\(=xy\left(x+y\right)+y^2z+yz^2+x^2z+xz^2+xyz+xyz\)
\(=xy\left(x+y\right)+y^2z+xyz+yz^2+xz^2+x^2z+xyz\)
\(=xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(x+y\right)+z^2\left(x+y\right)+xz\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(xy+yz+z^2+xz\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left[y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+z\right)\right]=\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\)
a) \(x^2-y^2-x-y\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-1\right)\)
a)
\(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3+3xy\left(x+y\right)+z^3-3xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x+y\right)z+z^2\right]+3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-yz-zx+z^2-3xy\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)\)
\(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)z+z^2\right]-3xyz\left(x+y+z\right)\)\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz+z^2-3xy\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)\)
1 ) \(x^2-x-y^2-y=\left(x^2-y^2\right)+\left(-x-y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-1\right)\)
2 ) \(x^2-2xy+y^2-z^2=\left(x-y\right)^2-z^2=\left(x-y+z\right)\left(x-y-z\right)\)
3 ) \(5x-5y+ax-ay=5.\left(x-y\right)+a\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(5+a\right)\)
4 ) \(a^3-a^2x-ay+xy=a^2.\left(a-x\right)-y.\left(a-x\right)=\left(a-x\right)\left(a^2-y\right)\)
5 ) \(xy.\left(x+y\right)+yz.\left(y+z\right)+xz.\left(x+z\right)+2xyz\)
\(=xy.\left(x+y\right)+y^2z+yz^2+x^2z+xz^2+xyz+xyz\)
\(=xy.\left(x+y\right)+\left(y^2z+xyz\right)+\left(yz^2+xz^2\right)+\left(x^2z+xyz\right)\)
\(=xy.\left(x+y\right)+yz.\left(x+y\right)+z^2.\left(x+y\right)+xz.\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(xy+yz+z^2+xz\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left[\left(xy+xz\right)+\left(yz+z^2\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left[x.\left(y+z\right)+z.\left(y+z\right)\right]=\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\)