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1) \(\left(x-4\right)\left(y+1\right)=8\)
Do \(y\)là số tự nhiên nên \(y+1\ge1\)nên
ta có bảng giá trị:
x-4 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 8 |
y+1 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 |
x | 5 | 6 | 8 | 12 |
y | 7 | 3 | 1 | 0 |
2) \(\left(2x+3\right)\left(y-2\right)=15\)
Có \(x\)là số tự nhiên nên \(2x+3\ge3\). Ta xét bảng giá trị:
2x+3 | 3 | 5 | 15 |
y-2 | 5 | 3 | 1 |
x | 0 | 1 | 6 |
y | 7 | 9 | 3 |
3) \(xy+2x+y=12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(y+2\right)+y+2=14\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(y+2\right)=14\)
Tiếp tục bạn làm tương tự 1) và 2).
4) \(xy-x-3y=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y\left(x-3\right)-x+3=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(y-1\right)=7\)
Tiếp tục bạn làm tương tự 1) và 2).
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Giải:
a) \(\left(x-4\right).\left(y+1\right)=8\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-4\right)\) và \(\left(y+1\right)\inƯ\left(8\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm4;\pm8\right\}\)
Ta có bảng giá trị:
x-4 | -8 | -4 | -2 | -1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 8 |
y+1 | -1 | -2 | -4 | -8 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 |
x | -4 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 12 |
y | -2 | -3 | -5 | -9 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 0 |
Vì \(\left(x;y\right)\in N\) nên \(\left(x;y\right)=\left\{\left(5;7\right);\left(6;3\right);\left(8;1\right);\left(12;0\right)\right\}\)
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)=\left\{\left(5;7\right);\left(6;3\right);\left(8;1\right);\left(12;0\right)\right\}\)
b) \(\left(2x+3\right).\left(y-2\right)=15\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2x+3\right)\) và \(\left(y-2\right)\inƯ\left(15\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm3;\pm5;\pm15\right\}\)
2x+3 | -15 | -5 | -3 | -1 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 15 |
y-2 | -1 | -3 | -5 | -15 | 15 | 5 | 3 | 1 |
x | -9 | -4 | -3 | -2 | -1 | 0 | 1 | 6 |
y | 1 | -1 | -3 | -13 | 17 | 7 | 5 | 3 |
Vì \(\left(x;y\right)\in N\) nên \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;7\right);\left(1;5\right);\left(6;3\right)\right\}\)
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;7\right);\left(1;5\right);\left(6;3\right)\right\}\)
c) \(xy+2x+y=12\)
\(\Rightarrow x.\left(y+2\right)+\left(y+2\right)=14\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right).\left(y+2\right)=14\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)\) và \(\left(y+2\right)\inƯ\left(14\right)=\left\{1;2;7;14\right\}\)
x+1 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 14 |
y+2 | 14 | 7 | 2 | 1 |
x | 0 | 1 | 6 | 13 |
y | 12 | 5 | 0 | -1 |
Vì \(\left(x;y\right)\in N\) nên \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;12\right);\left(1;5\right);\left(6;0\right)\right\}\)
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;12\right);\left(1;5\right);\left(6;0\right)\right\}\)
d) \(xy-x-3y=4\)
\(\Rightarrow y.\left(x-3\right)-\left(x-3\right)=7\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(y-1\right).\left(x-3\right)=7\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(y-1\right)\) và \(\left(x-3\right)\inƯ\left(7\right)=\left\{1;7\right\}\)
Ta có bảng giá trị:
x-3 | 1 | 7 |
y-1 | 7 | 1 |
x | 4 | 10 |
y | 8 | 2 |
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(4;8\right);\left(10;2\right)\right\}\)
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
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\(2x+2y-xy=0\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-xy\right)-\left(4-2y\right)=-4\Leftrightarrow x\left(2-y\right)-2\left(2-y\right)=-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(2-y\right)=-4\)
x-2 | -1 | 1 | -2 | 2 | -4 | 4 |
2-y | 4 | -4 | 2 | -2 | 1 | -1 |
x | 1 | 3 | 0 | 4 | -2 | 6 |
y | -2 | 6 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 3 |
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(x+5)(y-3)=15
x+5=15=>x=10
y-3=15=>y=18
b, 2xy+2x+2y=0
2(xy+x+y)=0
xy+x+y=2