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Đề là: \(P=x^3+y^3-\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)}\)
Hay \(P=\dfrac{x^3+y^3-\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)}\)
Cái nào em nhỉ?
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(x^3+y^3+3\left(x^2+y^2\right)+4\left(x+y\right)+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)+3\left(x+y\right)^2-6xy+4\left(x+y\right)+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+2\right)\left(\left(x+y\right)^2+x+y+2\right)-3xy\left(x+y+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+2xy+x+y+2-3xy\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+2\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2+2\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y=-2\)
\(M=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}=\frac{4}{-2}=-2\)
Dấu \(=\)khi \(x=y=-1\).
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Do \(x^2+y^2=1\Rightarrow-1\le x;y\le1\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y+1\ge0\\1-y\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y^2\left(y+1\right)\ge0\\y^2\left(1-y\right)\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y^3\ge-y^2\\y^3\le y^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với mọi số thực x ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x\ge-x^2-1\\2x\le x^2+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Do đó: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}P=2x+y^3\ge-x^2-1-y^2=-2\\P=2x+y^3\le x^2+1+y^2=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(P_{min}=-2\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(-1;0\right)\)
\(P_{max}=2\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;0\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
CMR: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\le2\) biết \(^{x^3+y^3+3\left(x^2+y^2\right)+4\left(x+y\right)+4=0}\) và xy>0
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\left(x^2+9\right)+\left(y^2+9\right)+3\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge6x+6y+6xy=90\)
\(\Rightarrow4\left(x^2+y^2\right)+18\ge90\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2\ge18\)
\(P_{min}=18\) khi \(x=y=3\)
\(x+y+xy=15\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le15\\y\le15\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\left(x-15\right)\le0\\y\left(y-15\right)\le0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2\le15x+15y\) (1)
Cũng từ đó ta có: \(\left(x-15\right)\left(y-15\right)\ge0\Rightarrow xy\ge15x+15y-225\)
\(\Rightarrow16x+16y-225\le x+y+xy=15\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y\le15\) (2)
(1);(2) \(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2\le15.15=225\)
\(P_{max}=225\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(0;15\right);\left(15;0\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lời giải:
$A=(x+y)(x^2-xy+y^2)+x^2+y^2=2(x^2-xy+y^2)+x^2+y^2=2(x^2+y^2)+(x-y)^2$
$\geq 2(x^2+y^2)=(1^2+1^2)(x^2+y^2)\geq (x+y)^2=2^2=4$ (theo BĐT Bunhiacopxky)
Vậy $A_{\min}=4$. Giá trị này đạt tại $x=y=1$
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Vế trái bằng vế phải nên đẳng thức được chứng minh.
Nếu x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0, z ≥ 0 thì:
x + y + z ≥ 0
x - y 2 + y - z 2 + z - x 2 ≥ 0
Suy ra:
x 3 + y 3 + z 3 - 3 x y z ≥ 0 ⇔ x 3 + y 3 + z 3 ≥ 3 x y z
Hay: x 3 + y 3 + z 3 3 ≥ x y z