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Đây nhé
Đặt b + c = x ; c + a = y ; a + b = z
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=2c+b+a=2c+z\\y+z=2a+b+c=2a+x\\x+z=2b+a+c=2b+y\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x+y-z}{2}=c;\frac{y+z-x}{2}=a;\frac{x+z-y}{2}=b\)
Thay vào PT đã cho ở đề bài , ta có :
\(\frac{y+z-x}{2x}+\frac{x+z-y}{2y}+\frac{x+y-z}{2z}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{z}{y}+\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{z}-3\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(2+2+2-3\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
( cái này cô - si cho x/y + /x ; x/z + z/x ; y/z + z/y)
Bài 2: Ta có 2 đẳng thức ngược chiều: \(\frac{8\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{ab+bc+ca}\ge8;\frac{27\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}\le8\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{8\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{27\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}\)\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{8\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{ab+bc+ca}.\frac{27\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}}\)
Suy ra BĐT đã cho là đúng nếu ta chứng minh được
\(27\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge8\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)^3\left(1\right)\)
Sử dụng đẳng thức \(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\)và theo AM-GM: \(abc\le\frac{1}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)ta được \(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\frac{8}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1)và(2) suy ra ta chỉ cần chứng minh \(3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)đúng=> đpcm
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a=b=c
Bài 3:
Ta có 2 BĐT ngược chiều: \(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2};\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\le\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{8}}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Bổ đề: \(x^3+y^3+z^3+3xyz\ge xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+zx\left(z+x\right)\left(1\right)\forall x,y,z\ge0\)
Chứng minh: Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(x\ge y\ge z\). Khi đó:
\(VT\left(1\right)-VP\left(1\right)=x\left(x-y\right)^2+z\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(x-y+z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\ge0\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\left(a+b\right)^2\left(b+c\right)^2\left(c+a\right)^2\ge64\left(abc\right)^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{abc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\ge\left[\frac{4abc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\right]^3\)
Suy ra ta chỉ cần chứng minh \(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}+\frac{4abc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)+b\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)+c\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)+4abc\)\(\ge2\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+3abc\ge ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)\)đúng theo bổ đề
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a=b=c hoặc a=b,c=0 và các hoán vị
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gt <=> \(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=1\)
Đặt: \(\frac{1}{a}=x;\frac{1}{b}=y;\frac{1}{c}=z\)
=> Thay vào thì \(VT=\frac{\frac{1}{xy}}{\frac{1}{z}\left(1+\frac{1}{xy}\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{yz}{\frac{1}{x}\left(1+\frac{1}{yz}\right)}}+\frac{1}{\frac{zx}{\frac{1}{y}\left(1+\frac{1}{zx}\right)}}\)
\(VT=\frac{z}{xy+1}+\frac{x}{yz+1}+\frac{y}{zx+1}=\frac{x^2}{xyz+x}+\frac{y^2}{xyz+y}+\frac{z^2}{xyz+z}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+3xyz}\)
Có BĐT x, y, z > 0 thì \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge9xyz\)Ta thay \(xy+yz+zx=1\)vào
=> \(x+y+z\ge9xyz=>\frac{x+y+z}{3}\ge3xyz\)
=> Từ đây thì \(VT\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\frac{x+y+z}{3}}=\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3}=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
=> Ta có ĐPCM . "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z <=> \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
4. Ta có: \(a+b+c=6abc\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=6\)
Đặt \(\frac{1}{a}=x;\frac{1}{b}=y;\frac{1}{c}=z\)
\(\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx=6\)
Lại có: \(\frac{bc}{a^3\left(c+2b\right)}=\frac{1}{a^3\frac{c+2b}{bc}}=\frac{\frac{1}{a^3}}{\frac{1}{b}+\frac{2}{c}}=\frac{x^3}{y+2z}\)
Tương tự suy ra:
\(S=\frac{x^3}{y+2z}+\frac{y^3}{z+2x}+\frac{z^3}{x+2y}\)
\(=\frac{x^4}{xy+2zx}+\frac{y^4}{yz+2xy}+\frac{z^4}{zx+2yz}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{3}\ge\frac{xy+yz+zx}{3}=2\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{2}\Rightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
Ta có:\(7\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+...\right)=6\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)+2015\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\le\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\le2015\)=> \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\le\sqrt{6045}\)
\(P=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3\left(2a^2+b^2\right)}}+...\)
Mà \(\left(2+1\right)\left(2a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(2a+b\right)^2\)(bất dẳng thức buniacoxki)
=> \(P\le\frac{1}{2a+b}+\frac{1}{2b+c}+\frac{1}{2c+a}\)
Lại có \(\frac{1}{2a+b}=\frac{1}{a+a+b}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
=> \(P\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{3}{a}+\frac{3}{b}+\frac{3}{c}\right)\le\frac{\sqrt{6045}}{3}\)
Vậy \(MaxP=\frac{\sqrt{6045}}{3}\)khi \(a=b=c=\frac{\sqrt{6045}}{2015}\)
Bài 2:b) \(9=\left(\frac{1}{a^3}+1+1\right)+\left(\frac{1}{b^3}+1+1\right)+\left(\frac{1}{c^3}+1+1\right)\)
\(\ge3\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\therefore\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\le3\)
Ta sẽ chứng minh \(P\le\frac{1}{48}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\)
Ai có cách hay?
1/Đặt a=1/x,b=1/y,c=1/z ->x+y+z=1.
2a) \(VT=\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)}{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}}\ge\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}\right)^2}{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}}\)
\(=\frac{\left[\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{a^4b^4}\right]}{\frac{a+b}{ab}}=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{a^3b^3\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{4\left(ab\right)^3}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{4\left[\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\right]^3}=\frac{16}{\left(a+b\right)^3}\)