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Lời giải:
\(a^3+b^3=3ab-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3-3ab+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (a+b)^3-3ab(a+b)-3ab+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (a+b)^3+1-3ab(a+b+1)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (a+b+1)[(a+b)^2-(a+b)+1]-3ab(a+b+1)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (a+b+1)(a^2+b^2+1-ab-a-b)=0\)
Vì $a,b>0$ nên $a+b+1\neq 0$
Do đó:
\(a^2+b^2+1-a-b-ab=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{(a-b)^2+(a-1)^2+(b-1)^2}{2}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=1\)
Do đó: \(a^{2018}+b^{2019}=1+1=2\)
Ta có đpcm.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Sửa đề cm a2018+b2018=2
Ta có:\(a^3+b^3=3ab-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+1-3ab=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+1-3ab=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+1\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)+1\right]-3ab\left(a+b+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+1\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-a-b+1-3ab\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+1\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2-a-b+1\right)=0\)
Vì a,b > 0 => a + b + 1 > 0
=>\(a^2+ab+b^2-a-b+1=0\)
=>2a2+2ab+2b2-2a-2b+2=0
=>(a2+2ab+b2)+(a2-2a+1)+(b2-2b+1)=0
=>(a+b)2+(a-1)2+(b-1)2=0
Mà \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a+b\right)^2\ge0\\\left(a-1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(b-1\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow VT\ge0\)
=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=0\\a-1=0\\b-1=0\end{cases}}\)=> a=b=1
=>\(a^{2018}+b^{2018}=1+1=2\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a^3+b^3=3ab-1\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+1-3ab=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+1-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3ab=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+1\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-a-b+1\right)-3ab\left(a+b\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+1\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2-a-b+1\right)=0\)
Mà \(a,b>0\Rightarrow a+b+1>0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2-ab+b^2-a-b+1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^2-2ab+2b^2-2a-2b+2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=1\Rightarrow a^{2018}+b^{2019}=1+1=2\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(VT\ge\dfrac{a^2}{\sqrt{2\left(b^2+c^2\right)}}+\dfrac{b^2}{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+c^2\right)}}+\dfrac{c^2}{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}}\)
Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{b^2+c^2};\sqrt{c^2+a^2};\sqrt{a^2+b^2}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow x+y+z=\sqrt{2019}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2=\dfrac{y^2+z^2-x^2}{2}\\b^2=\dfrac{x^2+z^2-y^2}{2}\\c^2=\dfrac{x^2+y^2-z^2}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow2\sqrt{2}VT\ge\dfrac{y^2+z^2-x^2}{x}+\dfrac{z^2+x^2-y^2}{y}+\dfrac{x^2+y^2-z^2}{z}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\sqrt{2}VT\ge\dfrac{y^2+z^2}{x}+\dfrac{z^2+x^2}{y}+\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{z}-\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(2\sqrt{2}VT\ge\dfrac{\left(y+z\right)^2}{2x}+\dfrac{\left(z+x\right)^2}{2y}+\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2z}-\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(2\sqrt{2}VT\ge\dfrac{4\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2x+2y+2z}-\left(x+y+z\right)=x+y+z=\sqrt{2019}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{2019}}{2\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{2019}{8}}\) (đpcm)
Câu hỏi của Trung Nguyễn Thành - Toán lớp 8 - Học toán với OnlineMath tham khảo