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\(M=19-6x-9x^2=-\left(9x^2+6x+1\right)+20=-\left(3x+1\right)^2+20\) ≤ 20
⇒ \(M_{MAX}=20."="\) xảy ra khi : \(x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(N=1+4x-x^2=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+5=-\left(x-2\right)^2+5\) ≤ 5
⇒ \(N_{MAX}=5."="\) xảy ra khi : \(x=2\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1) \(M=9x^2-6x+6=\left(9x^2-6x+1\right)+5=\left(3x-1\right)^2+5\ge5\)
\(minM=5\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
2) \(M=5-2x-x^2=-\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+6=-\left(x+1\right)^2+6\le6\)
\(maxM=6\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
3) \(N=5+6x-9x^2=-\left(9x^2-6x+1\right)+6=-\left(3x-1\right)^2+6\le6\)
\(maxN=6\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
x^2 -6x +10 = x^2 -2.x.3 +3^2 +1 = (x-3)^2 +1
Ma (x-3)^2 >=0 <=> (x-3)^2 +1 >=1>0 (voi moi x)
b) 4x - x^2 -5 = -(x^2 -4x +5) =-[(x^2 -4x +4)+1] = -[(x-2)^2 +1]
Ma (x+2)^2 >=0 <=> (x-2)^2 +1 >=1 <=> -[(x-2)^2 +1] <=-1 => -[(x-2)^2 +1] <0
2) a) P= x^2 -2x +5 = x^2 -2x +1 +4 = (x-1)^2 +4
Ta co: (x-1)^2 >=0 <=> (x-1)^2 +4 >=4
Vay gia tri nho nhat P=4 khi x=1
b) Q= 2x^2 -6x = 2(x^2 -3x) = 2(x^2 - 2.x.3/2 + 9/4 -9/4)= 2[(x-3/2)^2 -9/4]
Ta co: (x-3/2)^2 >=0 <=>(x-3/2)^2 -9/4 >= -9/4 <=> 2[(x-3/2)^2 -9/4] >= -9/2
Vay gia tri nho nhat Q= -9/2 khi x= 3/2
c) M= x^2 +y^2 -x +6y +10 = (x^2 -2.x.1/2 + 1/4) +(y^2 +2.y.3+9)+3/4
= ( x-1/2)^2 + (y+3)^2 +3/4
M>= 3/4
Vay GTNN cua M = 3/4 khi x=1/2 va y=-3
3)a) A= 4x - x^2 +3 = -(x^2 -4x -3) = -( x^2 -4x+4 -7) =-[(x-2)^2 -7]
Ta co: (x-2)^2>=0 <=> (x-2)^2 -7 >=-7 <=> -[(x-2)^2 -7] <=7
Vay GTLN A=7 khi x=2
b) B= x-x^2 = -(x^2 -2.x.1/2+1/4-1/4) = -[(x-1/2)^2 -1/4]
GTLN B= 1/4 khi x=1/2
c) N= 2x - 2x^2 -5 =-2( x^2 -x+5/2) = -2(x^2 - 2.x.1/2 +1/4 +9/4)
= -2[(x-1/2)^2 +9/4]
GTLN N= -9/2 khi x=1/2
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
TL:
a,\(-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+1\)1
\(-\left(x-1\right)^2+1\) \(\le\) 1
=>giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức là 1
vậy........
b,\(-\left(9x^2+6x+1\right)+20\)
\(-\left(3x+1\right)^2+20\)
\(\le20\)
=>giá trị lớn nhất cuar biểu thức là 20
vậy.........
hc tốt
Dấu của hạng tử bậc là dấu âm nên chỉ tìm được giá trị lớn nhất thôi nhé.
a) A=2x−x2A=2x−x2+1−1A=1−(x2−2x+1)A=1−(x−1)2Do (x−1)2≥0∀x⇒A=1−(x−1)2≤1∀x Dấu “=” xảy ra khi: (x−1)2=0⇔x−1=0⇔x=1Vậy MaxA=1 khi x=1
b) B=19−6x−9x2B=20−1−6x−9x2B=20−(1+6x+9x2)B=20−(1+3x)2Do (1+3x)2≥0∀x⇒B=20−(1+3x)2≤20∀xDấu "=" xảy ra khi:(1+3x)2=0⇔1+3x=0⇔3x=−1⇔x=−13Vậy MaxB=20 khi x=−13
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A\left(x\right)=\dfrac{4x^4+81}{2x^2-6x+9}\)
\(=\dfrac{4x^4+36x^2+81-36x^2}{2x^2-6x+9}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(2x^2+9\right)^2-\left(6x\right)^2}{2x^2+9-6x}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(2x^2+9+6x\right)\left(2x^2+9-6x\right)}{2x^2+9-6x}\)
\(=2x^2+6x+9\)
=>\(M\left(x\right)=2x^2+6x+9\)
\(=2\left(x^2+3x+\dfrac{9}{2}\right)\)
\(=2\left(x^2+3x+\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)\)
\(=2\left(x+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{9}{2}>=\dfrac{9}{2}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x+\dfrac{3}{2}=0\)
=>\(x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(4x^2-12x+11=\left(2x\right)^2-2.x.6+36-\) \(25\)
= \(\left(2x-6\right)^2-25>=-25\)
A đạt GTNN = -25 <=> \(\left(2x-6\right)^2=0\)
<=> \(x=3\)
các câu còn lại tương tự
TÌM GIÁ TRỊ NHỎ NHẤT, LỚN NHẤT CỦA BIỂU THỨC
\(a,A=4x^2-12x+11\)
\(A=4x^2-12x+9+2\)
\(A=\left(2x-3\right)^2+2\)
Nhận xét: \(\left(2x-3\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2x-3\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3\right)^2=0\Rightarrow2x=3\Rightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy \(minA=2\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(b,B=x^2-x+1\)
\(B=x^2-2x.\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+1\)
\(B=\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{1}{4}+1\)
\(B=\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\)
Nhận xét: \(\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(minB=\frac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(c,C=-x^2+6x-15\)
\(C=-\left(x^2-6x+15\right)\)
\(C=-\left(x^2-6x+4+11\right)\)
\(C=-\left[\left(x-2\right)^2+11\right]\)
\(C=-\left(x-2\right)^2-11\)
Nhận xét: \(-\left(x-2\right)^2\le0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x-2\right)^2-11\le-11\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow-\left(x-2\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=2\)
Vậy \(maxC=-11\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
\(d,D=\left(x-3\right)\left(1-x\right)-2\)
\(D=x-x^2-3+3x-2\)
\(D=-x^2+4x-5\)
\(D=-\left(x^2-4x+5\right)\)
\(D=-\left(x^2-4x+4+1\right)\)
\(D=-\left[\left(x-2\right)^2+1\right]\)
\(D=-\left(x-2\right)^2-1\)
Nhận xét: \(-\left(x-2\right)^2\le0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x-2\right)^2-1\le-1\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow-\left(x-2\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=2\)
Vậy \(maxD=-1\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
\(M=19-6x-9x^2\)
\(-M=9x^2+6x-19\)
\(=\left(9x^2+6x+1\right)-20\)
\(=\left(3x+1\right)^2-20\)
\(Do\)\(\left(3x+1\right)^2\ge0\)\(\forall x\)
=>\(\left(3x+1\right)^2-20\ge-20\)\(\forall x\)
=>\(-M\ge-20\)\(\forall x\)
=> \(M\le20\)\(\forall x\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi:
\(\left(3x+1\right)^2=0\)
<=> \(3x+1=0\)
<=> \(3x=-1\)
<=> \(x=\frac{-1}{3}\)
Vậy \(M_{max}\)\(\le20\)\(khi\)\(x=\frac{-1}{3}\)
\(N=1+4x-x^2\)
\(-N=x^2-4x+1\)
\(=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-3\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2-3\)
\(Do\)\(\left(x-2\right)^2\)\(\ge0\)\(\forall x\)
=>\(\left(x-2\right)^2-3\)\(\ge-3\)\(\forall x\)
=>\(-N\ge-3\)\(\forall x\)
=>\(N\le3\)\(\forall x\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi:
\(\left(x+2\right)^2=0\)
<=> \(x+2=0\)
<=>\(x=-2\)
Vậy \(N_{max}\)\(\le3\)\(khi\)\(x=-2\)
Chúc bạn học tốt ~! :)
+) \(M=19-6x-9x^2=-9x^2-6x+19=-\left(9x^2+6x+1\right)+20=-\left(3x+1\right)^2+20\)
Vì \(-\left(3x+1\right)^2\le0\Rightarrow M=-\left(3x+1\right)^2+20\le20\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi -(3x+1)2=0 <=>x=-1/3
Vậy Mmax=20 khi x=-1/3
+) \(N=1+4x-x^2=-x^2+4x+1=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+5=-\left(x-2\right)^2+5\)
tiếp tục giống M