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Có: \(xy+\sqrt{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}=\sqrt{2019}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[xy+\sqrt{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}\right]^2=2019\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y^2+\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)+2xy\sqrt{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}=2019\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y^2+x^2y^2+x^2+y^2+1+2xy\sqrt{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}=2019\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2\left(1+x^2\right)+x^2\left(1+y^2\right)+1+2xy\sqrt{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}=2019\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[y\left(1+x^2\right)+x\left(1+y^2\right)\right]^2=2018\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y\left(1+x^2\right)+x\left(1+y^2\right)=\sqrt{2018}\)
hay \(A=\sqrt{2018}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\left(y+2\right)x^2+1=y^2\Leftrightarrow x^2y+2x^2+1-y^2=0\Leftrightarrow\)\(x^2y+2x^2+4-y^2-3=0\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(y+2\right)-\left(y^2-4\right)=3\)\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(y+2\right)-\left(y+2\right)\left(y-2\right)=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y+2\right)\left(x^2-y+2\right)=3\)
Ta có bảng:
y + 2 | 1 | 3 | -1 | -3 |
x2 - y + 2 | 3 | 1 | -3 | -1 |
y | -1 | 1 | -3 | -5 |
x | 0 | 0 | Không tồn tại | Không tồn tại |
KL | Chọn | Chọn |
Vậy ta tìm được cặp (x ; y) = (0 ; 1) và (0; -1).
\(PT\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(y+2\right)+4-y^2=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y+2\right)\left(x^2+2-x\right)=3\)
+, Trường hợp: \(\hept{\begin{cases}y+2=3\\x^2+2-x=1\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
+, Trường hợp: \(\hept{\begin{cases}y+2=1\\x^2+2-x=3\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(P=\dfrac{6x+6y+2xy}{2}=\dfrac{6x+6y+2xy+10-10}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{6x+6y+2xy+2\left(x^2+y^2\right)+6}{2}-5\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y+2\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2}{2}-5\ge-5\)
\(P_{min}=-5\) khi \(x=y=-1\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\Leftrightarrow6\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)+20=\dfrac{5\left(x+y\right)\left(xy+3\right)}{xy}\ge\dfrac{5\left(x+y\right)2\sqrt{3xy}}{xy}=10\sqrt{3}\left(\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{y}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{y}{x}}\right)\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{y}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{y}{x}}=t\ge2\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}=t^2-2\)
\(\Rightarrow6\left(t^2-2\right)+20\ge10\sqrt{3}t\)
\(\Rightarrow3t^2-5\sqrt{3}t+4\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{3}t-1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}t-4\right)\ge0\)
Do \(t\ge2\Rightarrow\sqrt{3}t-1>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{3}t-4\ge0\Rightarrow t\ge\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\Rightarrow t^2\ge\dfrac{16}{3}\Rightarrow t^2-2\ge\dfrac{10}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\ge\dfrac{10}{3}\) (do \(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}=t^2-2\))
Vậy \(A_{min}=\dfrac{10}{3}\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;3\right);\left(3;1\right)\)