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1.
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương:
\(\left(ab-1\right)\left(bc-1\right)\left(ca-1\right)\ge\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)\)
Ta có:
\(\left(ab-1\right)^2=a^2b^2-2ab+1=a^2b^2-a^2-b^2+1+a^2+b^2-2ab\)
\(=\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)+\left(a-b\right)^2\ge\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\left(bc-1\right)^2\ge\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)\)
\(\left(ca-1\right)^2\ge\left(c^2-1\right)\left(a^2-1\right)\)
Do \(a;b;c\ge1\) nên 2 vế của các BĐT trên đều không âm, nhân vế với vế:
\(\left[\left(ab-1\right)\left(bc-1\right)\left(ca-1\right)\right]^2\ge\left[\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)\right]^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(ab-1\right)\left(bc-1\right)\left(ca-1\right)\ge\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Câu 2 em kiểm tra lại đề có chính xác chưa
2.
Câu 2 đề thế này cũng làm được nhưng khá xấu, mình nghĩ là không thể chứng minh bằng Cauchy-Schwaz được, phải chứng minh bằng SOS
Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(c=max\left\{a;b;c\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)\ge0\) (1)
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{a+b}{bc+a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{b+c}{ac+b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{c+a}{ab+c^2}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b\left(c-a\right)}{a^3+abc}+\dfrac{c\left(a-b\right)}{b^3+abc}+\dfrac{a\left(b-c\right)}{c^3+abc}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)+a\left(c-b\right)}{a^3+abc}+\dfrac{c\left(a-b\right)}{b^3+abc}+\dfrac{a\left(b-c\right)}{c^3+abc}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow c\left(b-a\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a^3+abc}-\dfrac{1}{b^3+abc}\right)+a\left(c-b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a^3+abc}-\dfrac{1}{c^3+abc}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)\left(b^3-a^3\right)}{\left(a^3+abc\right)\left(b^3+abc\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c-b\right)\left(c^3-a^3\right)}{\left(a^3+abc\right)\left(c^3+abc\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{\left(a^3+abc\right)\left(b^3+abc\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(a^2+ac+c^2\right)}{\left(a^3+abc\right)\left(c^3+abc\right)}\ge0\)
Đúng theo (1)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
4) Ta có : A=(a+b+c+d)(a-b-c+d)=(a-b+c-d)(a+b-c-d)
=> (a+d)2 - (b+c)2= (a-d)2 - (c-b)2
=> a2+ d2+ 2ad - b2- c2- 2bc=a2 + d2 - 2ad - c2-b2+2bc
Rút gọn ta được: 4ad = 4bc => ad = bc =>\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
1) a2+b2+c2+3=2(a+b+c) =>(a-1)2+(b-1)2+(c-1)2=0
=> a-1=b-1=c-1=0 => a=b=c=1 =>đpcm
a) \(a^2\left(b-c\right)+b^2\left(c-a\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=a^2b-a^2c+c^2a-c^2b+b^2\left(c-a\right)\)
\(=\left(a^2b-c^2b\right)-\left(a^2c-c^2a\right)-b^2\left(a-c\right)\)
\(=b\left(a^2-c^2\right)-ac\left(a-c\right)-b^2\left(a-c\right)\)
\(=b\left(a-c\right)\left(a+c\right)-ac\left(a-c\right)-b^2\left(a-c\right)\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left[b\left(a+c\right)-ac-b^2\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(ab+bc-ac-b^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left[\left(ab-b^2\right)+\left(bc-ac\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left[b\left(a-b\right)+c\left(b-a\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left[b\left(a-b\right)-c\left(a-b\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\)
b) \(a^3\left(b-c\right)+b^3\left(c-a\right)+c^3\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=a^3b-a^3c+c^3a-c^3b+b^3\left(c-a\right)\)
\(=\left(a^3b-c^3b\right)-\left(a^3c-c^3a\right)-b^3\left(a-c\right)\)
\(=b\left(a^3-c^3\right)-ac\left(a^2-c^2\right)-b^3\left(a-c\right)\)
\(=b\left(a-c\right)\left(a^2+ac+c^2\right)-ac\left(a-c\right)\left(a+c\right)-b^3\left(a-c\right)\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left[b\left(a^2+ac+c^2\right)-ac\left(a+c\right)-b^3\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(ba^2+abc+bc^2-a^2c-ac^2-b^3\right)\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left[\left(ba^2-a^2c\right)+\left(abc-ac^2\right)+\left(bc^2-b^3\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left[a^2\left(b-c\right)+ac\left(b-c\right)+b\left(c^2-b^2\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left[a^2\left(b-c\right)+ac\left(b-c\right)-b\left(b^2-c^2\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left[a^2\left(b-c\right)+ac\left(b-c\right)-b\left(b-c\right)\left(b+c\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)\left[a^2+ac-b\left(b+c\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a^2+ac-b^2-bc\right)\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a-b\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2+a^2-2a\left(b+c\right)}{\left(b+c\right)^2+a^2}+\frac{\left(a+c\right)^2+b^2-2b\left(a+c\right)}{\left(a+c\right)^2+b^2}+\frac{\left(b+a\right)^2+c^2-2c\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2+c^2}\ge\frac{3}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3-2\left(\frac{a\left(b+c\right)}{\left(b+c\right)^2+a^2}+\frac{b\left(a+c\right)}{\left(a+c\right)^2+b^2}+\frac{c\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2+c^2}\right)\ge\frac{3}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a\left(b+c\right)}{\left(b+c\right)^2+a^2}+\frac{b\left(a+c\right)}{\left(a+c\right)^2+b^2}+\frac{c\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2+c^2}\le\frac{6}{5}\)
Chuẩn hóa \(a+b+c=3\) (hay đặt \(x=\frac{3a}{a+b+c};y=\frac{3b}{a+b+c};z=\frac{3c}{a+b+c}\))
BĐT cần chứng minh trở thành:
\(\frac{a\left(3-a\right)}{\left(3-a\right)^2+a^2}+\frac{b\left(3-b\right)}{\left(3-b\right)^2+b^2}+\frac{c\left(3-c\right)}{\left(3-c\right)^2+c^2}\le\frac{6}{5}\)
Ta có đánh giá: \(\frac{a\left(3-a\right)}{\left(3-a\right)^2+a^2}\le\frac{9a+1}{25}\) ; \(\forall a\in\left(0;3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2\left(2a+1\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Tương tự: \(\frac{b\left(3-b\right)}{\left(3-b\right)^2+b^2}\le\frac{9b+1}{25};\frac{c\left(3-c\right)}{\left(3-c\right)^2+c^2}\le\frac{9c+1}{25}\)
Cộng vế với vế: \(VT\le\frac{9\left(a+b+c\right)+3}{25}=\frac{30}{25}=\frac{6}{5}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)