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\(a) n_{Na_2CO_3} = \dfrac{2,12}{106} = 0,02(mol) ; n_{HCl} = 0,5.0,1 = 0,05(mol)\\ Na_2CO_3 + 2HCl \to 2NaCl + CO_2 + H_2O\\ Vì :2n_{Na_2CO_3} = 0,04 < n_{HCl} = 0,05\ nên\ HCl\ \text{dư}\\ n_{CO_2} = n_{Na_2CO_3} = 0,02(mol)\\ V_{CO_2} = 0,02.22,4 = 0,448(lít)\\ b) n_{HCl\ dư} = n_{HCl\ ban\ đầu} - 2n_{Na_2CO_3} = 0,05 -0,02.2 = 0,01(mol)\\ n_{NaCl} = 2n_{Na_2CO_3} = 0,02.2 = 0,04(mol)\\ C_{M_{HCl}} = \dfrac{0,01}{0,5} = 0,02M\\ C_{M_{NaCl}} = \dfrac{0,04}{0,5} = 0,08M\)
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Đề bài phải là thể tích CO2 bạn nhé!
a, PT: \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{4}{100}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6.25}{100}=3,65\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{3,65}{36,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,04}{1}< \dfrac{0,1}{2}\), ta được HCl dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,04.22,4=0,896\left(l\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{CaCO_3}=0,08\left(mol\right)\\n_{CaCl_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,04\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,02\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,02.36,5=0,73\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{CaCl_2}=0,04.111=4,44\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
PTHH: \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{4}{100}=0,04\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6\cdot25\%}{36,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,04}{1}< \dfrac{0,1}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) HCl còn dư, CaCO3 p/ứ hết
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCl_2}=0,04\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,02\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{CO_2}=0,04\cdot22,4=0,896\left(l\right)\\m_{CaCl_2}=0,04\cdot111=4,44\left(g\right)\\m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,02\cdot36,5=0,73\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
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a) $2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
b) $n_{Al} = 0,45(mol) ; n_{H_2SO_4} =\dfrac{219}{980} (mol)$
Ta thấy :
$n_{Al} : 2 > n_{H_2SO_4} : 3$ nên Al dư
Theo PTHH :
$n_{Al\ pư} = \dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{73}{490} (mol)$
$m_{Al\ dư} = 12,15 - \dfrac{73}{490}.27 = 8,127(gam)$
c) $n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{73}{930}(mol)$
$m_{muối} = \dfrac{73}{930}.342 = 25,48(gam)$
d) $V_{H_2} = \dfrac{219}{980}.22,4 = 5(lít)$
Hình như đề sai
a,\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{12,15}{27}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=109,5.20\%=21,9\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{21,9}{98}=0,2235\left(mol\right)\)
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\(a/ Mg+H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4+H_2\\ b/ n_{Mg}=\frac{3,6}{24}=0,15(mol)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,168(mol)\\ b/\\ Mg \text{ hết}; H_2SO_4 \text{ dư}\\ n_{H_2SO_4(dư)}=0,168-0,15=0,018(mol)\\ m_{H_2SO_4}=0,018.98=1,764(g)\\ c/\\ n_{MgSO_4}=0,15(mol)\\ m_{MgSO_4}=0,15.120=18(g)\\ d/\\ n_{H_2}=0,15\\ V=0,15.22,4=3,36(l)\)
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MnO2+4HCl->MnCl2+Cl2+2H2O
0,5--------------0,125 mol
n HCl =\(\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}\)=0,5 mol
=>VCl2=0,125.22,4=2,8l
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a)
$M + 2HCl \to MCl_2 + H_2$
$n_{HCl} = 0,3.1 = 0,3(mol)$
Theo PTHH : $n_M = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl} = 0,15(mol)$
$\Rightarrow M = \dfrac{3,6}{0,15} = 24(Mg)$
b)
$n_{MgCl_2} = n_{Mg} = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{MgCl_2} = 0,15.95 = 14,25(gam)$
c) $n_{H_2} = n_{Mg} = 0,15(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36(lít)$
V =n.22,4