Question

[lu nguyễn]

tìm các giới hạn sau:

a; \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{2x^4-5x^3+3x^2+1}{3x^4-8x^3+6x^2-1}\)

b; \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{x^3-3x^2+2}{x^4-4x+3}\)

c; \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{x^3-2x-1}{x^5-2x-1}\)

d; \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-1}\frac{\left(x+2\right)^2-1}{x^2-1}\)

Answer 1

[Akai Haruma]

a.

\(\lim\limits_{x\to 1+}\frac{2x^4-5x^3+3x^2+1}{3x^4-8x^3+6x^2-1}=\lim_{x\to 1+}\frac{2x^4-5x^3+3x^2+1}{(x-1)^3(3x+1)}=\lim\limits _{x\to 1+}\frac{2x^4-5x^3+3x^2+1}{3x+1}.\lim\limits_{x\to 1+}\frac{1}{(x-1)^3}\)

\(=\frac{1}{4}.(+\infty)=+\infty \)

Hoàn toàn tương tự:

\(\lim\limits_{x\to 1-}\frac{2x^4-5x^3+3x^2+1}{3x^4-8x^3+6x^2-1}=-\infty \)

Do đó: \(\lim\limits_{x\to 1+}\frac{2x^4-5x^3+3x^2+1}{3x^4-8x^3+6x^2-1}\neq \lim\limits_{x\to 1-}\frac{2x^4-5x^3+3x^2+1}{3x^4-8x^3+6x^2-1}\) nên không tồn tại \(\lim\limits_{x\to 1}\frac{2x^4-5x^3+3x^2+1}{3x^4-8x^3+6x^2-1}\)

Answer 2

[Akai Haruma]

b.

\(\lim\limits_{x\to 1+}\frac{x^3-3x^2+2}{x^4-4x+3}=\lim\limits_{x\to 1+}\frac{(x-1)(x^2-2x-2)}{(x-1)^2(x^2+2x+3)}=\lim\limits_{x\to 1+}\frac{x^2-2x-2}{(x-1)(x^2+2x+3)}\)

\(=\lim\limits_{x\to 1+}\frac{x^2-2x-2}{x^2+2x+3}.\lim\limits_{x\to 1+}\frac{1}{x-1}=\frac{-1}{2}.(+\infty)=-\infty \)

Tương tự \(\lim\limits_{x\to 1-}\frac{x^3-3x^2+2}{x^4-4x+3}=+\infty \)

Do đó không tồn tại \(\lim\limits_{x\to 1}\frac{x^3-3x^2+2}{x^4-4x+3}\)

c.

\(\lim\limits_{x\to 1}\frac{x^3-2x-1}{x^5-2x-1}=\frac{1^3-2.1-1}{1^5-2.1-1}=1\)

d.

\(\lim\limits_{x\to -1}\frac{(x+2)^2-1}{x^2-1}=\lim\limits_{x\to -1}\frac{(x+2-1)(x+2+1)}{(x-1)(x+1)}=\lim\limits_{x\to -1}\frac{x+3}{x-1}=-1\)