Rút gọn: A = 1/2+1/22+1/23+....+1/2100
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A=2^{100}-2^{99}+2^{98}-2^{97}+....-2^3+2^2-2+1\\ A=\left(2^{100}+2^{98}+...+2\right)-\left(2^{99}+2^{97}+...+1\right)\)
Gọi \(\left(2^{100}+2^{98}+...+2\right)\)là B
\(B=\left(2^{100}+2^{98}+...+2\right)\\ 2B=2^{102}+2^{100}+.....+2^2\\ 2B-B=\left(2^{102}+2^{100}+.....+2^2\right)-\left(2^{100}+2^{98}+...+2\right)\\ B=2^{102}-2\)
Gọi \(\left(2^{99}+2^{97}+...+1\right)\) là C
\(C=\left(2^{99}+2^{97}+...+1\right)\\ 2C=2^{101}+2^{99}+....+2\\ 2C-C=\left(2^{101}+2^{99}+9^{97}+...+2\right)-\left(2^{99}+9^{97}+...+1\right)\\ C=2^{101}-1\)
\(A=B+C\\ =>A=2^{102}-2+2^{101}-1\\ A=2^{101}\left(2+1\right)-3\\ A=2^{101}\cdot3-3\\ A=3\cdot\left(2^{101}-1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2}A=2^{99}-2^{98}+...-1+\dfrac{1}{2}\\ \Rightarrow A-\dfrac{1}{2}A=2^{100}-\dfrac{1}{2}\\ \Rightarrow A=2^{101}-1\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(A=1+2+2^2+...+2^{50}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=2+2^2+...+2^{51}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2A-A=2+2^2+...+2^{51}-1-2-2^2-...-2^{50}=2^{51}-1\)
b) \(B=1+3+3^2+...+3^{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow3B=3+3^2+...+3^{101}\)
\(\Rightarrow2B=3B-B=3+3^2+...+3^{101}-1-3-3^2-...-3^{100}=3^{101}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{3^{101}-1}{2}\)
c) \(C=5+5^2+...+5^{30}\)
\(\Rightarrow5C=5^2+5^3+...+5^{31}\)
\(\Rightarrow4C=5C-C=5^2+5^3+...+5^{31}-5-5^2-...-5^{30}=5^{31}-5\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\dfrac{5^{31}-5}{4}\)
d) \(D=2^{100}-2^{99}+2^{98}-...+2^2-2\)
\(\Rightarrow2D=2^{101}-2^{100}+2^{99}-...+2^3-2^2\)
\(\Rightarrow3D=2D+D=2^{101}-2^{100}+2^{99}-...+2^3-2^2+2^{100}-2^{99}+...+2^2-2=2^{101}-2\)
\(\Rightarrow D=\dfrac{2^{101}-2}{3}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{99}+2^{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{100}+2^{101}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2A-A=2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{100}+2^{101}-2-2^2-2^3-2^4-...-2^{99}-2^{100}=2^{101}-2\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đặt A = \(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4+....+2^{100}\)
2A = \(2\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4+....+2^{100}\right)\)
= \(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5+...+2^{101}\)
2A - A = \(\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5+....+2^{101}\right)-\left(1+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{100}\right)\)
= \(2^{101}-1\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lời giải:
$A=(2+2^2)+(2^3+2^4)+....+(2^{99}+2^{100})$
$=2(1+2)+2^3(1+2)+...+2^{99}(1+2)$
$=2.3+2^3.3+...+2^{99}.3$
$=3(2+2^3+...+2^{99})\vdots 3$
Ta có đpcm.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1/
Tổng A là tổng các số hạng cách đều nhau 4 đơn vị.
Số số hạng: $(101-1):4+1=26$
$A=(101+1)\times 26:2=1326$
2/
$B=(1+2+2^2)+(2^3+2^4+2^5)+(2^6+2^7+2^8)+(2^9+2^{10}+2^{11})$
$=(1+2+2^2)+2^3(1+2+2^2)+2^6(1+2+2^2)+2^9(1+2+2^2)$
$=(1+2+2^2)(1+2^3+2^6+2^9)$
$=7(1+2^3+2^6+2^9)\vdots 7$
1/2.A=1/22+1/23+...+1/2101
=>1/2A-A=1/2101-1/2
=>-1/2A=1/2101-1/2
A=(1/2101-1/2):(-1/2)=(1/2101-1/2).(-2)
=1-1/2100