L=(a+b+c)^3-(b+c-a)^3-(a+c-b)^3-(a+b-c)^3
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NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
4 tháng 8 2020
Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(a\ge b\ge c\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^3\ge b^3\ge c^3\\\frac{1}{b+c}\ge\frac{1}{c+a}\ge\frac{1}{a+b}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{b+c}\ge\frac{b^3}{c+a}\ge\frac{c^3}{a+b}\)
Do đó áp dụng BĐT Chybeshev:
\(\left(\frac{a^3}{b+c}+\frac{b^3}{c+a}+\frac{c^3}{a+b}\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)+\left(c+a\right)+\left(b+c\right)\right]\ge3\left[\frac{a^3}{b+c}.\left(b+c\right)+\frac{b^3}{c+a}\left(c+a\right)+\frac{c^3}{a+b}\left(a+b\right)\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{a^3}{b+c}+\frac{b^3}{c+a}+\frac{c^3}{a+b}\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)+\left(c+a\right)+\left(b+c\right)\right]\ge3\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^3}{b+c}+\frac{b^3}{c+a}+\frac{c^3}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}.\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{a+b+c}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Z
19 tháng 7 2019
Lời giải:
Ta có: \(\frac{a^3+b^3}{a^3+c^3}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)}{\left(a+c\right)\left(a^2-ac+c^2\right)}\)
Mà: a = b + c => c = a - b => \(\frac{a^3+b^3}{a^3+c^3}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)}{\left(a+c\right)\left(a^2-ac+c^2\right)}\)
=\(\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)}{\left(a+c\right)\left[a^2-a\left(a-b\right)+\left(a-b\right)^2\right]}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)}{\left(a+c\right)\left[a^2-a^2+ab+\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)\right]}\)
= \(\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)}{\left(a+c\right)\left(a^2-a^2+ab+a^2-2ab+b^2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)}{\left(a+c\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)}=\frac{a+b}{a+c}\)
Vây: \(\frac{a^3+b^3}{a^3+c^3}=\frac{a+b}{a+c}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!
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NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
20 tháng 10 2019
a/
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+29ab+bc+ca=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
b/ \(a^3+b^3+c^3=\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=-3ab\left(a+b\right)=-3ab\left(-c\right)=3abc\)
c/ Không, vì \(a=b=c\ne\) thì \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3a^3=3abc\) vẫn đúng
AH
Akai Haruma
Giáo viên
7 tháng 3 2018
Lời giải:
Xét hiệu:
\(2(a^4+c^4)-(a^3+c^3)(a+c)=2(a^4+c^4)-(a^4+a^3c+ac^3+c^4)\)
\(=a^4+c^4-a^3c-ac^3=(a-c)(a^3-c^3)=(a-c)^2(a^2+ac+c^2)\geq 0\)
với mọi \(a,c>0\)
Do đó: \(2(a^4+c^4)\geq (a^3+c^3)(a+c)\Leftrightarrow \frac{a^4+c^4}{a^3+c^3}\geq \frac{a+b}{2}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự ta có:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix}
\frac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}\geq \frac{b+c}{2}\\
\frac{a^4+b^4}{a^3+b^3}\geq \frac{a+b}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng theo vế các BĐT thu được:
\(\frac{a^4+b^4}{a^3+b^3}+\frac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}+\frac{c^4+a^4}{c^3+a^3}\geq \frac{a+b}{2}+\frac{b+c}{2}+\frac{c+a}{2}=a+b+c=2018\)
Ta có đpcm.
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $a=b=c=\frac{2018}{3}$
8 tháng 3 2018
\(\dfrac{a^4+b^4}{a^3+b^3}+\dfrac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}+\dfrac{c^4+a^4}{c^3+a^3}\ge2018\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^4+b^4}{a^3+b^3}+\dfrac{b^4+c^4}{b^3+c^3}+\dfrac{c^4+a^4}{c^3+a^3}\ge a+b+c\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ_{cyc}\dfrac{a^3\left(a-c\right)+b^3\left(b-c\right)}{a^3+b^3}\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ_{cyc}\left(\left(a-b\right)\left(\dfrac{a^3}{c^3+a^3}-\dfrac{b^3}{b^3+c^3}\right)\right)\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ_{cyc}\left(\left(a-b\right)^2\dfrac{c^3\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{\left(a+c\right)\left(a^2-ac+c^2\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2-bc+c^2\right)}\right)\ge0\)
Dễ thấy BĐT cuối luôn đúng nên ta có ĐPCM
Dấu "=" <=> \(a=b=c=\dfrac{2018}{3}\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
9 tháng 6 2020
\(\frac{a^3}{b^3}+1+1\ge\frac{3a}{b}\) ; \(\frac{b^3}{c^3}+1+1\ge\frac{3b}{c}\) ; \(\frac{c^3}{a^3}+1+1\ge\frac{3c}{a}\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(\frac{a^3}{b^3}+\frac{b^3}{c^3}+\frac{c^3}{a^3}+6\ge\frac{3a}{b}+\frac{3b}{c}+\frac{3c}{a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^3}{b^3}+\frac{b^3}{c^3}+\frac{c^3}{a^3}\ge\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+2\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)-6\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{b^3}+\frac{b^3}{c^3}+\frac{c^3}{a^3}\ge\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+2.3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{bca}}-6=\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
BQ
1
5 tháng 1 2019
Đặt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b+c-a=x\\a+c-b=y\\a+b-c=z\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=2c\\y+z=2a\\x+z=2b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=\dfrac{a}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{b}{a+c-b}+\dfrac{c}{a+b-c}\)
\(2A=\dfrac{2a}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{2b}{a+c-b}+\dfrac{2c}{a+b-c}\)
\(=\dfrac{y+z}{x}+\dfrac{x+z}{y}+\dfrac{x+y}{z}=\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)+\left(\dfrac{z}{x}+\dfrac{x}{z}\right)+\left(\dfrac{y}{z}+\dfrac{z}{y}\right)\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{xy}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{yz}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{xz}{xz}}=6\) (AM-GM)
\(\Rightarrow2A\ge6\Leftrightarrow A\ge3\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\) hay tam giác đã cho là tam giác đều
8 tháng 9 2019
Biến đổi :
\(VT=\frac{a}{b^3+ab}+\frac{b}{c^3+bc}+\frac{c}{a^3+ca}=\frac{a}{b\left(a+b^2\right)}+\frac{b}{c\left(b+c^2\right)}+\frac{c}{a\left(c+a^2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{b}\cdot\frac{a}{a+b^2}+\frac{1}{c}\cdot\frac{b}{b+c^2}+\frac{1}{a}\cdot\frac{1}{c+a^2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{b}\cdot\left(1-\frac{b^2}{a+b^2}\right)+\frac{1}{c}\cdot\left(1-\frac{c^2}{b+c^2}\right)+\frac{1}{a}\cdot\left(1-\frac{a^2}{c+a^2}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si :
\(VT\ge\frac{1}{b}\cdot\left(1-\frac{b^2}{2b\sqrt{a}}\right)+\frac{1}{c}\cdot\left(1-\frac{c^2}{2c\sqrt{b}}\right)+\frac{1}{a}\cdot\left(1-\frac{a^2}{2a\sqrt{c}}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{a}}+\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{c}}\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)-\frac{1}{2}\cdot\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c}}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT quen thuộc : \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\) và BĐT Cô-si ta có:
\(VT\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}-\frac{1}{2}\cdot\left(\frac{\frac{1}{a}+1}{2}+\frac{\frac{1}{b}+1}{2}+\frac{\frac{1}{c}+1}{2}\right)\)
\(=\frac{9}{3}-\frac{1}{2}\cdot\left(\frac{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+3}{2}\right)\ge3-\frac{1}{2}\cdot\left(\frac{\frac{9}{a+b+c}+3}{2}\right)\)
\(=3-\frac{1}{2}\cdot\left(\frac{\frac{9}{3}+3}{2}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Ta có đpcm.
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
NB
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