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Ta có
2 1 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 + 2 5 + 2 6 + 2 7 +...+ 2 98 + 2 99 + 2 100
= 2 1 + ( 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 ) + ( 2 5 + 2 6 + 2 7 ) +...+ ( 2 98 + 2 99 + 2 100 )
= 2 + 2 2 1 + 2 + 2 2 + 2 5 1 + 2 + 2 2 + . . . + 2 98 1 + 2 + 2 2
= 2 + 2 2 . 7 + 2 5 . 7 + . . . + 2 98 . 7 = 2 + 7 2 2 + 2 5 + . . . + 2 98
Mà 7 . 2 2 + 2 5 + . . . + 2 98 ⋮ 7
Nên 2 + 7 2 2 + 2 5 + . . . + 2 98 : 7 d ư 2
a, Ta có:
2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 + . . . + 2 99 + 2 100
= 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 + 2 5 +...+ 2 96 + 2 97 + 2 98 + 2 99 + 2 100
= 2. 1 + 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 +...+ 2 96 1 + 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4
= 2 . 31 + 2 6 . 31 + . . . + 2 96 . 31
= 2 + 2 6 + . . . + 2 96 . 31 chia hết cho 31
b, Ta có:
5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + . . . + 5 149 + 5 150
= 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + . . . + 5 149 + 5 150
= 5 1 + 5 + 5 3 1 + 5 + 5 5 1 + 5 + . . . + 5 149 1 + 5
= 5 . 6 + 5 3 . 6 + 5 5 . 6 + . . . + 5 149 . 6
= ( 5 + 5 3 + 5 5 + . . . + 5 149 ) . 6 chia hết cho 6
Ta lại có:
5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + . . . + 5 149 + 5 150
= 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 +...+ 5 145 + 5 146 + 5 147 + 5 148 + 5 149 + 5 150 (có đúng 25 nhóm)
= [ ( 5 + 5 4 ) + ( 5 2 + 5 5 ) + ( 5 3 + 5 6 ) ] + ... + [ 5 145 + 5 148 ) + ( 5 146 + 5 149 ) + ( 5 147 + 5 150 ]
= [ 5 ( 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 2 ( 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 3 ( 1 + 5 3 ) ] + ... + [ 5 145 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 146 ( 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 147 ( 1 + 5 3 ]
= ( 5 . 126 + 5 2 . 126 + 5 3 . 126 ) + ... + ( 5 145 . 126 + 5 146 . 126 + 5 147 . 126 )
= ( 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 ) . 126 + ( 5 7 + 5 8 + 5 9 ) . 126 + ... + ( 5 145 + 5 146 + 5 147 ) . 126
= 126.[ ( 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 ) + ( 5 7 + 5 8 + 5 9 ) + ... + ( 5 145 + 5 146 + 5 147 ) ] chia hết cho 126.
Vậy 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + . . . + 5 149 + 5 150 vừa chia hết cho 6, vừa chia hết cho 126
\(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{99}+2^{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{100}+2^{101}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2A-A=2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{100}+2^{101}-2-2^2-2^3-2^4-...-2^{99}-2^{100}=2^{101}-2\)
Ta có: \(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{99}+91\)
\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3\right)+\left(2^4+2^5+2^6\right)+...+\left(2^{97}+2^{98}+2^{99}\right)+91\)
\(=2\cdot\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^4\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{97}\left(1+2+2^2\right)+91\)
\(=7\cdot\left(1+2^4+...+2^{97}\right)+7\cdot13\)
\(=7\cdot\left(1+2^4+...+2^{97}+13\right)⋮7\)(đpcm)
Ta có: \(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{99}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3\right)+\left(2^4+2^5+2^6\right)+...+\left(2^{97}+2^{98}+2^{99}\right)\)
\(=2\cdot\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^4\cdot\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{97}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(=\left(1+2+2^2\right)\cdot\left(2+2^4+...+2^{97}\right)\)
\(=7\cdot\left(2+2^4+...+2^{97}\right)⋮7\)(đpcm)
\(B=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{99}+2^{100}=2\left(1+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+...+2^{96}\left(1+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)=2.31+2^6.31+...+2^{96}.31=31\left(2+2^6+...+2^{96}\right)⋮31\)
\(A=\left(2+2^2\right)+2^2\left(2+2^2\right)+...+2^{98}\left(2+2^2\right)\)
\(=6+2^2.6+...+2^{98}.6=6\left(1+2^2+...+2^{98}\right)⋮6\)
\(A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{100}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2\right)+2^2\left(2+2^2\right)+...+2^{98}\left(2+2^2\right)\)
\(=6+6.2^2+...+6.2^{98}\)
\(=6\left(1+2^2+...+2^{98}\right)⋮6\)