a) \(\left(x^2-4x\right)+\left(12x-48\right)\)

\(=x\left(x-4\right)+12\left(x-4\right)\)

\(=\left(x-4\right)\left(x+12\right)\)

b) \(x(x+y)-3x-3y\)

\(=x\left(x+y\right)-\left(3x+3y\right)\)

\(=x\left(x+y\right)-3\left(x+y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-3\right)\)

c) \(20xy^2-12x^2+12x^3y\)

\(=4x\left(5y^2-3x+3x^2y\right)\)

d) \(2x\left(x-y\right)+3y\left(y-x\right)\)

\(=2x\left(x-y\right)-3y\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(2x-3y\right)\)

\(9(x-y)^2-27(y-x)^3\\=9(x-y)^2+27(x-y)^3\\=(x-y)^2[9+27(x-y)]\\=(x-y)^2(9+27x-27y)\\=9(x-y)^2(1+3x-3y)\)

a) \(70a+84b-20ab-24b^2\)

\(=\left(70a+84b\right)-\left(20ab+24b^2\right)\)

\(=14\left(5a+6b\right)-4b\left(5a+6b\right)\)

\(=\left(5a+6b\right)\left(14-4b\right)\)

\(=2\left(5a+6b\right)\left(7-2b\right)\)

b) \(x^2y+xy^2+x^2z+xz^2+y^2z+yz^2+3xyz\)

\(=\left(x^2y+xy^2+xyz\right)+\left(x^2z+xyz+xz^2\right)+\left(xyz+y^2z+yz^2\right)\)

\(=xy\left(x+y+z\right)+xz\left(x+y+z\right)+yz\left(x+y+z\right)\)

\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)

c) \(x^2y+xy^2+x^2z+xz^2+y^2z+yz^2+2xyz\)

\(=\left(x^2y+xy^2\right)+\left(xz^2+yz^2\right)+\left(x^2z+2xyz+y^2z\right)\)

\(=xy\left(x+y\right)+z^2\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)\)

\(=xy\left(x+y\right)+z^2\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x+y\right)^2\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)\left[xy+z^2+z\left(x+y\right)\right]\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(xy+z^2+xz+yz\right)\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)\left[\left(xy+yz\right)+\left(xz+z^2\right)\right]\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)\left[y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+z\right)\right]\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\)

a, 70a + 84b - 20ab - 24b²

 = 14.(5a + 6b) - 4b(5a + 6b)

= (5a + 6b).(14 - 4b) 

Lời giải:
ĐKXĐ: $x\neq 2; x\neq -3$

\(\frac{x+2}{x+3}-\frac{5}{(x+3)(x-2)}-\frac{1}{x-2}=\frac{(x+2)(x-2)-5-(x+3)}{(x+3)(x-2)}\\ =\frac{x^2-4-5-x-3}{(x+3)(x-2)}=\frac{x^2-x-12}{(x+3)(x-2)}\\ =\frac{(x+3)(x-4)}{(x+3)(x-2)}=\frac{x-4}{x-2}\)

Bài 4:

a. Ta thấy: $x^2-x+2=(x-\frac{1}{2})^2+1,75>0$ với mọi $x$.

Do đó để $B=\frac{x^2-x+2}{x-3}<0$ thì $x-3<0$

$\Leftrightarrow x<3$ 

b. 

$B=\frac{x(x-3)+2(x-3)+8}{x-3}=x+2+\frac{8}{x-3}$

Với $x$ nguyên, để $B$ nguyên thì $x-3$ phải là ước của 8.

$\Rightarrow x-3\in\left\{\pm 1; \pm 2; \pm 4; \pm 8\right\}$

$\Rightarrow x\in \left\{4; 2; 5; 1; -1; 7; 11; -5\right\}$

Bài 5:

\(\frac{\frac{x}{x-y}-\frac{y}{x+y}}{\frac{y}{x-y}+\frac{x}{x+y}}=\frac{\frac{x(x+y)-y(x-y)}{(x-y)(x+y)}}{\frac{y(x+y)+x(x-y)}{(x-y)(x+y)}}\)

\(=\frac{x(x+y)-y(x-y)}{y(x+y)+x(x-y)}=\frac{x^2+y^2}{x^2+y^2}=1\)

1) $x^2-y^2-2x+2y$

$=(x^2-y^2)-(2x-2y)$

$=(x-y)(x+y)-2(x-y)$

$=(x-y)(x+y-2)$

2) $2x+2y-x^2-xy$

$=(2x+2y)-(x^2+xy)$

$=2(x+y)-x(x+y)$

$=(x+y)(2-x)$

3) $3a^2-6ab+3b^2-12c^2$

$=3(a^2-2ab+b^2-4c^2)$

$=3[(a^2-2ab+b^2)-4c^2]$

$=3[(a-b)^2-(2c)^2]$

$=3(a-b-2c)(a-b+2c)$

4) $x^2-25+y^2+2xy$

$=(x^2+2xy+y^2)-25$

$=(x+y)^2-5^2$

$=(x+y-5)(x+y+5)$

5) $a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc$

$=(a^2+2ab+b^2)-(ac+bc)$

$=(a+b)^2-c(a+b)$

$=(a+b)(a+b-c)$

6) $x^2-2x-4y^4-4y$

$=(x^2-4y^2)-(2x+4y)$

$=[x^2-(2y)^2]-2(x+2y)$

$=(x-2y)(x+2y)-2(x+2y)$

$=(x+2y)(x-2y-2)$

7) $x^2y-x^3-9y+9x$

$=(x^2y-x^3)-(9y-9x)$

$=x^2(y-x)-9(y-x)$

$=(y-x)(x^2-9)$

$=(y-x)(x^2-3^2)$

$=(y-x)(x-3)(x+3)$

8) $x^2(x-1)+16(1-x)$

$=x^2(x-1)-16(x-1)$

$=(x-1)(x^2-16)$

$=(x-1)(x^2-4^2)$

$=(x-1)(x-4)(x+4)$

9) $3x^2-6x+9x^3$

$=3x^2+3x-9x+9x^3$

$=3x(x+1)-9x(1-x^2)$

$=3x(x+1)+9x(x^2-1)$

$=3x(x+1)+9x(x-1)(x+1)$

$=(x+1)[3x+9x(x-1)]$

$=(x+1)(3x+9x^2-9x)$

$=(x+1)(9x^2-6x)$

$=3(x+1)(3x^2-2x)$

$=3x(x+1)(3x-2)$

10) $10x(x-y)-6y(y-x)$

$=10x(x-y)+6y(x-y)$

$=(x-y)(10x+6y)$

$=2(x-y)(5x+3y)$

11) $3x^2+5y-3xy-5x$

$=(3x^2-3xy)-(5x-5y)$

$=3x(x-y)-5(x-y)$

$=(x-y)(3x-5)$

12) $x^5-3x^4+3x^3-x^2$

$=x^2(x^3-3x^2+3x-1)$

$=x^2(x-1)^3$

13) $(x^2+1)^2-4x^2$

$=(x^2+1)^2-(2x)^2$

$=(x^2+1-2x)(x^2+1+2x)$

$=(x^2-2x+1)(x^2+2x+1)$

$=(x-1)^2(x+1)^2$

14) $x^2-4x-5$

$=x^2+x-5x-5$

$=x(x+1)-5(x+1)$

$=(x+1)(x-5)$

15) $x^2+8x+15$

$=x^2+3x+5x+15$

$=x(x+3)+5(x+3)$

$=(x+3)(x+5)$

16) $81x^4+4$

$=[(9x^2)^2+2\cdot9x^2\cdot 2+2^2]-2\cdot9x^2\cdot2$

$=(9x^2+2)^2-36x^2$

$=(9x^2+2)^2-(6x)^2$

$=(9x^2+2-6x)(9x^2+2+6x)$

17) $2x^2+3x-5$

$=2x^2-2x+5x-5$

$=2x(x-1)+5(x-1)$

$=(x-1)(2x+5)$

18) $16x-5x^2-3$

$=-5x^2+16x-3$

$=-5x^2+15x+x-3$

$=-5x(x-3)+(x-3)$

$=(x-3)(1-5x)$

$Toru$

Lời giải:
Ta có:

$a^2+b^2+c^2=(a+b+c)^2-2(ab+bc+ac)=2^2-2(-23)=4+46=50$