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Điều kiện: \(x\ge5\)
\(\dfrac{4\left(x-1\right)!}{4!.\left(x-5\right)!}-\dfrac{4\left(x-1\right)!}{3!\left(x-4\right)!}< \dfrac{5\left(x-2\right)!}{\left(x-4\right)!}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}{6}-\dfrac{2\left(x-1\right)}{3}< 5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-9x-22< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow-2< x< 11\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\left\{5;6;7;8;9;10\right\}\)
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\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(n+5\right)!}{5!.n!}=\dfrac{\left(n+3\right)!.5}{n!}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(n+5\right)\left(n+4\right)=5!.5=600\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n^2+9n-580=0\Rightarrow n=20\)
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Điều kiện để phương trình có nghĩa là
\(\begin{cases}y-1\ge0\\x-1\ge\\x,y\in Z\end{cases}y}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\begin{cases}y\ge1\\x\ge\\x,y\in Z\end{cases}y+1}\)
Từ \(\frac{A_{x-1}^y}{C_{x-1}^y}\)= \(\frac{60}{10}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\frac{P_yC_{x-1}^y}{C_{x-1}^y}\) = 6
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(P_y\) = 6 \(\Leftrightarrow\) y! = 3! \(\Leftrightarrow\) y=3
Thay lại vào phương trình ta có
\(\frac{A_x^2}{A_{x-1}^3}\) = \(\frac{21}{60}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\frac{x!\left(x-4\right)!}{\left(x-2\right)!\left(x-1\right)!}\) = \(\frac{7}{20}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\frac{x}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x-2\right)}\) = \(\frac{7}{20}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 20x = 7(x2-5x+6)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 7x2 - 55x + 42 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x=7\\x=\frac{6}{7}\end{array}\right.\) loại do (x\(\ge\)4, x\(\in\)N)
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ĐK: \(x\ge4\)
\(\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)!}{\left(x-4\right)!}+\dfrac{x!}{\left(x-2\right)!.2!}=101\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)+\dfrac{x\left(x-1\right)}{2}=101\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2-11x-190=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=10\)