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\(n_{BaCO_3}=\dfrac{19.7}{197}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0.15\cdot1=0.15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{MgCO_3}=a\left(mol\right),n_{CaCO_3}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_A=84a+100b=18.4\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(MgCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(n_{CO_2}=a+b\left(mol\right)\)
TH1 : Không tạo muối axit , Ba(OH)2 dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=n_{BaCO_3}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=0.1\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=-0.525,b=0.625\left(L\right)\)
TH2 : Phản ứng tạo hai muối vừa đủ
\(n_{CO_2}=0.1+\left(0.15-0.1\right)\cdot2=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=0.1\left(3\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(3\right):a=b=0.1\)
\(\%MgCO_3=\dfrac{8.4}{18.4}\cdot100\%=45.65\%\)
\(\%CaCO_3=54.35\%\)
Z gồm CO2 và O2 dư
$C + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} CO_2$
$n_{CO_2} =n_{O_2\ pư} = n_C = \dfrac{1,128}{12} = 0,094(mol)$
Gọi $n_{O_2} = 2a \to n_{không\ khí} = 3a(mol)$
Trong Y :
$n_{O_2} = 2a + 3a.20\% = 2,6a(mol)$
$n_{N_2} = 3a.80\% = 2,4a(mol)$
Trong Z :
$n_{CO_2} = 0,094(mol)$
$n_{N_2} = 2,4a(mol)$
$n_{O_2\ dư} = n_{O_2} - n_{O_2\ pư} = 2,6a - 0,094(mol)$
m CO2 =0,094.44 = 4,136(gam)
=> m Z = 4,136 : 27,5% = 15,04(gam)
SUy ra :
4,136 + 2,4a.28 + (2,6a - 0,094).32 = 15,04
=> a = 0,0925
=> n O2 = 0,0925.2 = 0,185(mol)
m X = 43,5 : 46,4% = 93,75(gam)
Bảo toàn khối lượng : m = 93,75 + 0,185.32 = 99,67(gam)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\\n_{Cu}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\)
x 1/2 x ( mol )
\(2Cu+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CuO\)
y y ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+64y=18,2\\51x+80y=26,2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,2.64=12,8\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{18,2}.100=29,67\%\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-29,67=70,33\%\)
Bảo toàn e :
nO2 = 2 .nH2 = 2 . 2,24 /22,4 = 0,2 (mol)
=> khối lượng oxit = 14,51+ 0,2 . 32 = 20,91 (g)
PT: \(2K+2H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+H_2\)
\(Ba+2H_2O\rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)
\(4K+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2K_2O\)
\(2Ba+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2BaO\)
Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_K=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ba}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo PT: \(\Sigma n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_K+n_{Ba}=\dfrac{1}{2}x+y\left(mol\right)\)
Mà: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}x+y=0,1\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}x+\dfrac{1}{2}y=0,05\left(1\right)\)
Theo PT: \(\Sigma n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{4}n_K+\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Ba}=\dfrac{1}{4}x+\dfrac{1}{2}y\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{O_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Theo ĐLBT KL: \(a=m_{oxit}=m_X+m_{O_2}=14,51+0,05.32=16,11\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a)
Theo ĐLBTKL: \(m_{Fe\left(bđ\right)}+m_{O_2}=m_X\)
=> \(m_{O_2}=26,4-20=6,4\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
b)
PTHH: 3Fe + 2O2 --to--> Fe3O4
0,2------->0,1
=> \(\%m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{0,1.232}{26,4}.100\%=87,88\%\)
c)
- Nếu dùng KClO3
PTHH: 2KClO3 --to--> 2KCl + 3O2
\(\dfrac{0,4}{3}\)<-----------------0,2
=> \(m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{0,4}{3}.122,5=\dfrac{49}{3}\left(g\right)\)
- Nếu dùng KMnO4:
PTHH: 2KMnO4 --to--> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
0,4<--------------------------------0,2
=> \(m_{KMnO_4}=0,4.158=63,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(\text{Coi hỗn hợp là : kim loại M}\)
\(2M+2nHCl\rightarrow2MCl_n+nH_2\)
\(\text{Từ PTHH ta thấy : }\)
\(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=2a\left(mol\right)\)
\(\text{Bảo toàn khối lượng : }\)
\(m_{hh}+m_{HCl}=m_{Muối}+m_{H_2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5+36.5\cdot2a=5.71+2a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=0.01\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.01\cdot22.4=0.224\left(l\right)\)
\(b.\)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Cu+H_2O\)
\(FeO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Fe+H_2O\)
\(n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2}=0.01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\text{Bảo toàn khối lượng : }\)
\(m_{hh}=m_{kl}+m_{H_2O}-m_{H_2}=0.6+0.01\cdot18-0.01\cdot2=0.76\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{N_2\left(tổng\right)}=\dfrac{4,816}{22,4}=0,215\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{3}{100}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
=> nCO2 = 0,03 (mol)
=> \(n_{C_xH_yN}=\dfrac{0,03}{x}\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(M_{C_xH_yN}=\dfrac{0,59}{\dfrac{0,03}{y}}=\dfrac{59}{3}x\left(mol\right)\)
=> 12x + y + 14 = \(\dfrac{59}{3}x\)
=> \(\dfrac{-23}{3}x+y=-14\) (1)
Bảo toàn H: \(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{0,03y}{2x}\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn N: \(n_{N_2\left(kk\right)}=\dfrac{0,215.2-\dfrac{0,03}{x}}{2}=0,215-\dfrac{0,015}{x}\left(mol\right)\)
Mà nN2 = 4.nO2
=> \(n_{O_2}=0,05375-\dfrac{0,00375}{x}\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn O: \(0,1075-\dfrac{0,0075}{x}=0,06+\dfrac{0,03y}{2x}\)
=> \(0,03y+0,015=0,095x\) (2)
(1)(2) => x = 3; y = 9
CTPT: C3H9N
RCOOR' + NaOH ----> RCOONa + R'OH
Đốt RCOONa----> Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O
nNa2CO3= 0.07
Cho hỗn hợp khí vào Ca(OH)2 dư ---> 23g kết tủa----> nCO2= n(kết tủa)= 0.23
mCO2+mH2O= m(bình tăng)= 13.18g ----> nH2O= 0.17
=> trong RCOONa có nNa = nNaOH = 2nNa2CO3= 0.14 mol; nO= 2nNa= 0.28 mol; nC= nNa2CO3 + nCO2= 0.3 mol; nH = 2nH2O= 0.34 mol
=> mRCOONa=a= 0.14*23 + 0,28*16 + 0.3*12 + 0.34= 11.64g
2R'OH ----> R'OR' + H2O
nR'OH= nNaOH= 0.14 ---> nete= 0.5nR'OH= 0.07=> mR'OH=b= 0.07*18 + 4.34= 5,6g
BTKL----> m(este)= a+b- mNaOH= 11.64 + 5.6 - 0.14*40 = 11,64g => ĐA: D.12g