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Gọi số mol Al, Na trong a gam hỗn hợp là x, y (mol)
=> 27x + 23y = a (1)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
x---------------->0,5x
4Na + O2 --to--> 2Na2O
y---------------->0,5y
=> 102.0,5x + 62.0,5y = 1,64.a
=> 51x + 31y = 1,64a (2)
(1)(2) => 51x + 31y = 1,64(27x + 23y)
=> 6,72x = 6,72y
=> x = y
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27x}{27x+23y}.100\%=54\%\\\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{23y}{27x+23y}.100\%=46\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, Cu không tác dụng với dd HCl.
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=19,4-13=6,4\left(g\right)\)
c, Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{19,4}.100\%\approx67,01\%\\\%m_{Cu}\approx32,99\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25(mol)\\ a,PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(b,\) Đặt \(n_{Fe}=x(mol);n_{Al}=y(mol)\)
\(\Rightarrow 56x+27y=8,3(1)\)
Theo PTHH: \(x+1,5y=0,25(2)\)
\((1)(2)\Rightarrow x=y=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{8,3}.100\%=67,47\%\\ \%_{Al}=100\%-67,47\%=32,53\%\)
1. \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
2. Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 65x + 27y = 17,7 (1)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{66}{235}\\y=-\dfrac{29}{1410}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Tới đây thì ra số mol âm, bạn xem lại đề nhé.
\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
0,075<-------------------------0,075
Cu không phản ứng với H2SO4 loãng
b, \(m_{Mg}=0,075.24=1,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{1,8}{8}.100\%=22,5\%\\\%m_{Cu}=100\%-22,5\%=77,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
0,075 0,075
\(Cu+H_2SO_4-x->\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,075.24=1,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{Cu}=8-1,6=6,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{6,4}{8}.100\%=80\%\\
\%m_{Mg}=100-80\%=20\%\)
a) PTHH : \(2Al+6HCl-->2AlCl_3+3H_2\) (1)
\(Fe+2HCl-->FeCl_2+H_2\) (2)
\(H_2+CuO-t^o->Cu+H_2O\) (3)
b) Ta có : \(m_{CR\left(giảm\right)}=m_{O\left(lay.di\right)}\)
=> \(m_{O\left(lay.di\right)}=32-26,88=5,12\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{O\left(lay.di\right)}=\frac{5,12}{16}=0,32\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pthh (3) : \(n_{H_2\left(pứ\right)}=n_{O\left(lay.di\right)}=0,32\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(tổng.n_{H_2}=\frac{0,32}{80}\cdot100=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\end{cases}}\) => \(27a+56b=11\left(I\right)\)
Theo pthh (1) và (2) : \(n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=\frac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\frac{3}{2}a\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(\frac{3}{2}a+b=0,4\left(II\right)\)
Từ (I) và (II) => \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}m_{Al}=27\cdot0,2=5,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=56\cdot0,1=5,6\left(g\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(m_{tăng}=m_{O_2}=7.2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{7.2}{32}=0.225\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=5\cdot0.225\cdot22.4=25.2\left(l\right)\)
\(Đặt:n_{Mg}a\left(mol\right),n_{Cu}=b\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=c\left(mol\right)\)
\(Mg+\dfrac{1}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}MgO\)
\(Cu+\dfrac{1}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}CuO\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2Al_2O_3\)
\(TC:n_{O_2}=0.5a=0.5b=0.75c=\dfrac{0.225}{3}=0.075\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.15\\b=0.15\\c=0.1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0.15\cdot24=3.6\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=0.15\cdot64=9.6\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0.1\cdot27=2.7\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\\n_{Cu}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\)
x 1/2 x ( mol )
\(2Cu+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CuO\)
y y ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+64y=18,2\\51x+80y=26,2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,2.64=12,8\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{18,2}.100=29,67\%\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-29,67=70,33\%\)