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1)
a) 4y2-4xy+x2= x2-4xy+4y2= (x-2y)2
b) 9x2-12xy+4y2= (3x)2-2.3x.2y+(2y)2= (3x-2y)2
c) 16x2-25=(4x)2-52= (4x-5)(4x+5)
d) 1-9y2= 12-(3y)2=(1-3y)(1+3y)
g) x3-27y3= (x-3y)(x2+3xy+9y2)
h) 64 + 8x3=(4+2x)(16+8x+4x2)
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\(2,\\ a,=2x^2+4x-3x-6-2x^2-4x-2=-3x-8\\ b,=\left[x-2+2\left(x+1\right)\right]^2=\left(x-2+2x+2\right)^2=9x^2\)
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Bài 1:
a) \(\Leftrightarrow x^2-8x+16-x^2+4=6\\ \Leftrightarrow-8x=-14\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{7}{4}\)
b) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-1=x+2\\3x-1=-x-2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=3\\4x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 2:
a) \(=5\left(x^2-2xy+y^2-4z^2\right)=5\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(2z\right)^2\right]=5\left(x-y-2z\right)\left(x-y+2z\right)\)
b) \(=\left(x+1\right)^3-\left(3z\right)^3=\left(x-3z+1\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2+3z\left(x+1\right)+\left(3z\right)^2\right]=\left(x-3z+1\right)\left(x^2+2x+1+3xz+3z+9z^2\right)\)
c) \(=x\left(x^2-16\right)-15x\left(x-4\right)=x\left(x+4\right)\left(x-4\right)-15x\left(x-4\right)=\left(x-4\right)\left(x^2+4x-15x\right)=\left(x-4\right)\left(x^2-11x\right)=x\left(x-4\right)\left(x-11\right)\)
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
b: \(=\dfrac{x^2-x+1-3+1-x^2}{\left(x+1\right)\cdot\left(x^2-x+1\right)}=\dfrac{-x-1}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}=\dfrac{-1}{x^2-x+1}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 2:
Ta có: \(3n^3+10n^2-5⋮3n+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3n^3+n^2+9n^2+3n-3n-1-4⋮3n+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3n+1\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3n\in\left\{0;-3;3\right\}\)
hay \(n\in\left\{0;-1;1\right\}\)
Bài 5:
e: \(\dfrac{2}{x+1}=\dfrac{2x^2-2x+2}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{x^2-x+1}=\dfrac{3x+3}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}\)