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Mg+H2SO4->MgSO4+H2
x-------------------------------x
2Al+3H2SO4->Al2(SO4)3+3H2
y-------------------------------------3\2y
Ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+27y=11,7\\x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x=0,15 mol , y=0,3 mol
=>m MgSO4=0,15.120=18g
=>m Al2(SO4)3=0,15.342=51,3g
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5.6}{22.4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
\(0.25....0.25.......................0.25\)
\(m_{Fe}=0.25\cdot56=14\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0.25}{0.1}=2.5\left(M\right)\)
a, PT: \(R+H_2SO_4\rightarrow RSO_4+H_2\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(l\right)\)
Theo ĐLBT KL, có: mKL + mH2SO4 = m muối + mH2
⇒ m muối = 7,8 + 0,4.98 - 0,4.2 = 46,2 (g)
c, Gọi: nR = x (mol) → nAl = 2x (mol)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_R+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=x+\dfrac{3}{2}.2x=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow x=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ nR = 0,1 (mol)
nAl = 0,1.2 = 0,2 (mol)
⇒ 0,1.MR + 0,2.27 = 7,8 ⇒ MR = 24 (g/mol)
Vậy: R là Mg.
a)
$Mg + H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4 + H_2$
$Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2$
b) Chất rắn không tan là Cu $\Rightarrow m_{Cu} = 1,28(gam)$
Gọi $n_{Mg} = a(mol) ; n_{Fe} = b(mol) \Rightarrow 24a + 56b + 1,28 = 2,44(1)$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{H_2} = a + b = \dfrac{0,784}{22,4} = 0,035(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,025 ; b = 0,01
$\%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{0,025.24}{2,44}.100\% = 24,6\%$
$\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,01.56}{2,44}.100\% = 23\%$
$\%m_{Cu} = 100\% - 24,6\% - 23\% = 52,4\%$
Sửa đề : 11.2 g sắt
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11.2}{56}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
\(0.2....0.2.................0.2\)
\(m_{FeSO_4}=0.2\cdot152=30.4\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0.2}{0.05}=4\left(M\right)\)
a, \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5.1=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,5.56=28\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{FeSO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{FeSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,5}=1\left(M\right)\)
TN1: Gọi (nCu, nAl, nFe) = (a,b,c)
=> 64a + 27b + 56c = 14,3 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
b----------------------->1,5b
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
c----------------------->c
=> 1,5b + c = 0,3 (2)
TN2: Gọi (nCu, nAl, nFe) = (ak,bk,ck)
=> ak + bk + ck = 0,6 (3)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{44,8}{22,4}.20\%=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Cu + O2 --to--> 2CuO
ak--->0,5ak
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
bk--->0,75bk
3Fe + 2O2 --to--> Fe3O4
ck-->\(\dfrac{2}{3}ck\)
=> 0,5ak + 0,75bk + \(\dfrac{2}{3}ck\) = 0,4 (4)
(1)(2)(3) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\left(mol\right)\\b=0,1\left(mol\right)\\c=0,15\left(mol\right)\\k=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,05.64}{14,3}.100\%=22,38\%\\\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{14,3}.100\%=18,88\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,15.56}{14,3}.100\%=58,74\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)
Mg + H2SO4 --> MgSO4 + H2
2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Fe + H2SO4 --> FeSO4 + H2
b)
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 --> MgSO4 + H2
0,1-->0,1---------------->0,1
2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
0,04-->0,06----------------->0,06
Fe + H2SO4 --> FeSO4 + H2
0,15-->0,15------------->0,15
=> a = nH2SO4 = 0,1 + 0,06 + 0,15 = 0,31 (mol)
m = mX - mH2 = 0,1.24 + 0,04.27 + 0,15.56 - 2(0,1 + 0,06 + 0,15)
= 11,26 (g)